The concept used to solve this problem is based on pH of a solution.
Any substance that increase the concentration of is defined as an acid while a base increase concentration of . The concentrations of these ions can vary over a wide range. To avoid dealing these numbers, the concentrations of and are reported in terms of pH and pOH.
The pH of a solution is calculated as follow.
Here, is the concentration of .
And, pOH is calculated as follow.
Here, is concentration of .
Part 1
The relation between pH and pOH is as follows:
Rearrange this equation and substitute 3.58 for pOH.
Substitute 10.42 in pH equation.
Part 2
Calculate the pH from the concentration of HCl in pH equation. Thus, substitute 0.0023 M for .
Now, the relation between pH and the pOH is as follows:
Thus, for third solution rearrange this equation and substitute 8.55 for pOH.
Now, for fourth solution substitute 0.0018 M for in pOH equation.
Now, the relation between pH and the pOH is as follows:
Rearrange this equation and substitute 2.75 for pOH.
Now, compare the four values of pH. Thus, the order of four solutions in decreasing acidity is as follows:
Part 3
First convert the pH into concentration. Then, substitute 7.21 for pH.
Since, the solution is neutral thus,
Therefore, the ionic product of water is written as follows:
Substitute for .
Ans: Part 1
The concentration of is .
Part 2The order of four solutions in decreasing acidity is as follows:
Part 3
The ionic product of water is equal to .
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