Question

quiz 7: anatomy and Phis. 2017

Human Resp. Sys.

Mc Graw Hill Education: By Saladin

1. Why hyperventilating does not alter the oxygen level in the blood? Explain. 2. Explain why Boyles law and Ideal gas law is relevant to how we ventilate the lungs? 3. What provides more lasting protection an immune serum or a vaccine? Clarify the mechanism for how lasting protection is formed and why that occurs with the one then the other?

Answer 1

1. Why hyperventilation does not alter the oxygen level in the blood? Explain

In normal breathing, there is a balance between breathing in oxygen and breathing out carbon dioxide. When one exhale more than inhale hyperventilation occurs. Hyperventilation is otherwise known as rapid ventilation which is an involuntary action. This results in a rapid reduction of carbon dioxide in the body. The body normally compensate this by homeostasis. Breathing rate is normally regulated by carbon dioxide.

Carbon dioxide is produced inside the body as a byproduct of metabolism at the cellular level. and expelled out mainly through the lungs. Once oxygen is breathed in it get dissolved in the blood and in the blood, it bound to haemoglobin inside the RBC. The amount of inhaled oxygen is not related to the exhaled carbon dioxide. So hyperventilation does not alter the oxygen level.

2. Explain why Boyles law and Ideal gas law is relevant to how we ventilate the lungs?

In Boyles law pressure and volume have an inverse relationship when temperature is constant. During ventilation, the relaxation and contraction of the diaphragm results in the muscle to move upward or downward so that the volume of the thoracic cavity increases and pressure in the lungs decreases and air can enter inside to the lungs or volume decreases and pressure in the lung increases so the air expels out through the nostrils and nose.

Ideal gas laws demonstrate a relationship between temperature volume and pressure for a combination of ideal gases. This law determines the amount of ventilation.

3. What provides more lasting protection an immune system or vaccine? Clarify the mechanism for how lasting protection is formed and why that occurs with the one and then the other?

Immunity is the ability of the human body to protect against infections. Immunity may be active(produced by own immune system) or passive(Protection from the transfer of antibodies from immune individuals,) Vaccines provide active immunity.