Question

66. The is a double-walled cup that receives filtr glomerular capillaries. 67. Major calyces of the kidney merge to create that late to become a ureter ee response (2 points per question) 68. Mitochondria are housed in what portion of a mature sperm cell?

Answer 1

Answer:

Answer 66. Bowman’s capsule (Glomerular capsule)

Explanation: Nephron are the structural and functional unit of the kidneys. Each human kidney is made up of about 1 million nephron.

Nephron consists of two parts;

Malpighian corpuscle and the Renal tubule

Malpighian corpuscle: It is also known as the renal corpuscle and comprises of the glomerulus and the Bowman’s capsule.

Glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries. Blood enters the glomerulus through an afferent arteriole and leaves via an efferent arteriole. Glomerular filtration which is the first step in the process of urine formation occurs here.

Bowman’s capsule: It is a double layered cup-shaped structure. The lumen of capsule is continuous with the narrow lumen of the renal tubule. The function is to provide and surround the glomerulus and receiving the filtrate thus formed during the process of filtration.

Answer 67. Renal pelvis

Explanation: Humans have a pair of retro peritoneal organ; called kidneys. They help in the process of excretion and osmoregulation.

Structure of kidneys: They are dark red, bean shaped structures. They remain covered by a layer of the fibrous connective tissue; the renal capsule which protects them from infection and injuries.Inner to the renal capsule, there is an outer dark region, the cortex and the inner lighter region; called as the medulla.

The medulla is divided into a number of medullary pyramids and each medullary pyramid terminates into a structure called as renal papilla. The medullary pyramids are connected to each other with the help of minor calyces which in turn lead into major calyces.

A human kidney possesses around 2-3 major calyces which opens into a funnel shaped structure; the renal pelvis which later opens and leads into the ureters.

Answer 68. The middle piece of the mature spermatozoa possesses numerous mitochondria.

Explanation: The mature spermatozoa are the haploid cells of the human males which participate in the process of reproduction. It is the only flagellated cells which assists the cells for their movements. The mature spermatozoa comprises of the following parts namely the head, neck, middle piece and tail.

Nucleus becomes the compact forming the major parts of the head of the mature spermatozoa. Also, Golgi bodies of spermatid participate in the formation of the acrosome which plays a very important role in the penetration of the acrosome.

The neck of the spermatozoa are known to bear the centrioles and the middle piece bears numerous mitochondria which provides them the energy and strength for their movement and the motility for the fertilization to occur within the female reproductive system.