Question

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2 Interferometer and the quantum interpretation of light The following are challenges designed to test your understanding of the concepts, so focus on the descriptions as you step through any mathematical procedure. been splitter mirror wit h PM ten splitter Figure 1: The Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Here only one of the photomultiplier detectors is shown or used in the problem. Elements A, D are 50-50 beam-splitters and C, B are mirrors. 1. Give one example of a phenomenon that shows light acting like a wave, and one where light is acting like a particle. Explain the significance of both of these and their relationship to each other. 2. Using the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (Fig 1) calculate the following: • Find ZABD to be detected at PM • Find ZACD to be detected at PM • Explain the combined ZPM with these two paths • What is the probability of detection a photon at PM?

Answer 1

light as wave - slit are Youngs dobule slit experiment achen both open. I t It Iz light as particle - young double sht experiment achen light source is placed behind the wall containg S, es, and both the usht are open . I-li+12 -> particle duality Пуб 1 kmusu Both of this lead to the debroglie hypothesis which days that all material particle posses a display of wave y a h / An wavelength a momentum also uncertainty holation - apex} ha op- uncertainty in momentum ax " " position anh/

MZ interferometre- BSD BSN D OPY Initial light- d- phobal bilety amplitude in uppe beam ß- " " in touces beam 10 1014/3121 photon in uppen be photon in lower beam (i) )-(1) 44(0) 16)-(3) hotel (1)-() (%) -4 (3)0(1)« (4):244)-(35") () to che le 131*7479= 1 antitions 9 Contitions . 1ulHoy = 1 $1=10" = It"(+(6144 - 1/2

3. (su) mal nix can be (by assumption) ZACD ?ось → ZARD achen they combine. % #1=1+6:31%)--(:)-(%) if ilp beam is (') olp heam is :) lp beam is (i) ol beam is (!) as me coroder upper becum is (!) so the output beam should be (i) and the propability to detect it by pris 1