Question

For each of the following scenarios, (1) identify whether it’s observational study or experiment, and (2) identify explanatory variable and response variable.

For each of the following scenarios, (1) identify whether it's observational study or experiment, and (2) identify explanatory variable and response variable. Studies conducted in New York City and Boston have noticed that more heart attacks occur in December and January than in all other months. Some people have tried to conclude that overindulgence causes the increased risk of heart attack. Identify the explanatory variable and response variable. b. From a random sample of city residents, it was found that those with higher incomes utilize the recycling services significantly more than those with lower incomes. c. Students were randomly assigned to two groups. One group listened to music while taking a math test and one group did not. The one that did not listen to music scored significantly higher on the math test than the other. d. Students collected data on city residents shopping in their city's downtown stores and another sample from city residents that were shopping at the mall on the outskirts of the city. They found that those shopping downtown were significantly more likely to vote for the school millage than those shopping at the mall.

Answer 1

a. It is an observational study. Here the explanatory variable is "overindulgence" and the response variable is "increase risk in heart attack".

b. It is an observational study. Here the explanatory variable is "higher income" and the response variable is "utilizing the recycling services"

c. It is an experimental study. Here the explanatory variable is "listening music" and the response variable is "scoring significantly large".

d. It is an observational study. Here the explanatory variable is "shopping" and the response variable is "voting".

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