Question

3. You have been hired as an analyst for Bank WA and your team is working on an independent assessment of Duck Food Inc. (DF Inc.). DF Inc. is a firm that specializes in the production of freshly imported farm products from New Zealand. Your assistant has provided you with the following data + about the company and its industry. 2018- Ratio 2018 2017 2016 Industry Average Long-term debt 0.45 0.40 0.35 0.35 Inventory Turnover 62.65 42.42 32.25 53.25 Depreciation/Total 0.25 0.014 0.018 0.015 Assets Days' sales in 113 94 130.25 receivables Debt to Equity 0.75 0.85 0.90 0.88 Profit Margin 0.082 0.07 0.06 0.12 Total Asset Turnover 0.54 0.65 0.70 0.40 Quick Ratio 1.028 1.03 1.029 1.031 Current Ratio 1.33 1.21 1.15 1.25 Interest coverage 0.9 4.375 4.45 4.65 Ratio Please show Formula, Explanation and Calculations 98 a) What can you say about the firm's overall management in terms of the following? (Be as complete as possible given the above information, but do not use any irrelevant information). (i) Liquidity (ii) Efficiency (operational efficiency) (iii) Performance (profitability, margins) (iv) Leverage b) If current liabilities of the company was 2.75 million in 2018 and daily cash expenditure was 0.013million, using the data provided in the table, calculate the defensive interval ratio.

Answer 1

Answer a.

Long-term debt ratio:

Long-term debt ratio = Long-term debt/Total Assets

Increasing long term debt year on year indicates that the company will leverage its position relative to equity.

Inventory Turnover Ratio(Efficiency):

Inventory Turnover Ratio = Cost of goods sold/ Inventory

Relative to high inventory turnover ratio as compared to the industry in 2018 its indicate that company managing inventory efficiently. From 32.25 in 2016 to 62.65 in 2018, it indicates that the company's aggressiveness to change its inventory into cash.

Depreciation/Total Assets:

Total Depreciation/Total Assets

Increasing deprecation to total asset ratio indicates that the company will heavily be acquiring new assets and increasing the long term debt ratio it simplifies that company acquiring new assets using debt.

Day's sales in receivables(Efficiency):

Day's sales in receivables = No of days in period / Receivable Turnover

A relatively low day's sales in receivables compared to the industry raised questions about the company's credit and collection policies. Because of increasing day's sales in receivables from 94 in 2016 to 113 in 2018, it indicates that the company paying attention to the credit and collection policies.

Debt to Equity:

Debt to Equity =Total Debt/Total Shareholder's Equity

Profit Margin(Performance):

Profit Margin = Net Profit/Revenue

Total Asset Turnover (Efficiency):

Total Asset Turnover =  Revenue/Total Assets

Current Ratio:

Current Ratio = Current Assets/ Current Liabilities

This ratio shows that current assets in relation to current liabilities. A higher ratio indicates higher liquidity. From 2016 to 2018 the company's current ratio is increasing it means to perform better and meets its short-term obligation.

Quick Ratio:

Quick Ratio = Current Assets excluding inventory or Quick Assets/ Current Liabilities

Interest Coverage Ratio:

Interest Coverage Ratio = Earning Before Interest and Taxes/Total Interest Expense.

Answer b.

Daily Cash Expenditure = 0.013 million

Current liabilities = 2.75 million

Quick Ratio = 1.028 in 2018

Quick Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities (Current Assets excluding inventory means current assets only include cash, marketable securities and account receivables)

Current Asset = Quick Ratio * Current Liabilities

= 1.028 * 2.75

= 2.827 million

Defensive Interval Ratio = Current Asset/Daily Operation Expense

= 2.827/0.013 = 217.4165  

Defensive Interval Ratio = 217 days