Question

Write the structural formula and name of the organic product for the following reaction between an alkyne and an alkyl halide. (The alkyne group is shown, and should be entered, as "CC", without the triple bond.)

Write the structural formula and name of the organic product for the following reaction between an alkyne and an alkyl halide. (The alkyne group is shown, and should be entered, as "CC", without the triple bond.) (A.) Product structural formula (formating counts: enter C before associated H atoms; subscript numbers) (e.g., CH3CH2CH2OCHCHCH3)(B.) Product name:

(A.) Product structural formula (formating counts: enter C before associated H atoms; subscript numbers) (e.g., CH3CH2CH2OCHCHCH3)

(B.) Product name:

Answer 1

Concepts and reason

The problem A is based on the abstraction of the acidic hydrogen by the strong base sodamide. The alkyne behaves as a nucleophile after the removal of the acidic hydrogen. On treatment of this nucleophile with the primary alkyl halide, nucleophilic substitution reaction follows to yield the product.

The concept used for part B is naming the compound using IUPAC nomenclature.

Fundamentals

The base is used to abstract the acidic hydrogen form the alkyne. The alkyne deprotonation yields the acetylide ion.

The chemical species which has electron pair and attacks a positively charged species is called nucleophile. Acetylide ion formed in the above step will act as a nucleophile that will attack the primary alkyl halide as shown below:

Terminal alkynes converted to acetylide ions, which reacts with unhindered alkyl halides and forms nucleophilic substitution product.

IUPAC stands for international union of pure and applied chemistry. IUPAC has given a nomenclature to name the organic compounds. The IUPAC name consists of three parts: root name, prefix and suffix. The IUPAC rules are as follows:

1.Find and name the longest continuous carbon chain.

2.Identify and name groups attached to this chain.

3.Number the chain consecutively, starting at the end nearest a substituent group.

4.Designate the location of each substituent group by an appropriate number and name.

5.Assemble the name, listing groups in alphabetical order using the full name (e.g, cyclopropyl before isobutyl).

6.The prefixes di, tri, tetra etc., used to designate several groups of the same kind, are not considered when alphabetizing.

(A)

The reaction is as follows:

Part B

The structure of the formed product is as follows:

The name the compound is as follows:

Ans: Part A

The structural formula of the organic product is as follows:

$CH3CH2C=CCH2CH3 $

Part B

The name of the product is hex-3-yne.