7) we know that
a buffer solution is formed between
a weak acid and its conjugate base
and
a weak base and its conjugate acid
a) Nh3 and NH4Cl
NH3 is a weak base and NH4+ is its conjugate acid
so
this combination can form a buffer
b) HN03 is a strong acid
so
no buffer
c) HBr and MgCl2 has no relation
so
no buffer
d) H2C03 is a weak acid and HC03- is its conjugate base
so
a buffer is formed
so
the answer is a and d
8)
we know that for a buffer
pH = pKa + log [salt / acid]
also
pKa = -log Ka
so
pH = -log Ka + log [salt / acid ]
pH = -log 5.8 x 10-7 + log [ 0.5 / 0.2 ]
pH = 6.6345
now
pH = -log [H30+}
so
6.6345 = -log [H30+]
[H30+] = 2.32 x 10-7
so
[H30+] = 2.32 x 10-7 M
9) given reaction is
Cl2 + 2 KI ---> 2 KCl + I2
a) oxidizing agent is the one which undergoes
reduction
so
Cl2 is the oxidizing agent
and
KI is the reducing agent
b) oxidation half reaction :
2I- ----> I2 + 2e-
reduction half reaction :
Cl2 + 2e- ---> 2Cl-
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