Question

(SULIT) QUESTION 2 (20 MARKS) a. Describe the concepts of "Conservation of Mass" and "Conservation of Energy" used in connection with flows in pipes. Sketch an appropriate diagram to support your arguments. (CO2: PO2 - 6 Marks) b. In a water supply system, water flows in from pipes 1 and 2 and goes out from pipes 3 and 4 as shown in Fiqure Q2 (b). If all the pipes have the same diameter, explain the flow velocities in each pipe and conclude which principle that support your explanation. (CO2: PO2 - 5 Marks) 3 2 Figure Q2 (b)

Answer 1

Conservation af energy used in connection with flocus in pipes In a steady flow, the son of all forms of energy in a fluid along pipe is the same at all points an that pipe. Bernoulli's principle can be derived from the principle of Conservation of energy. -- I 1-70 Po hi h2/P2 datum As per the Conservation of energy principle Pi + 1/ surt 9gh, P + 1 Svet eghe P, = pressure energy ļor's kinetic energy per unit Volume Sgh = potential energy per unit volume

incoming is equal to the fluid that is out pipe system, In that pipe flow the fluid Conservation of mass in pipe flow consider a going. The conservation of mass principle principle implies that the rate of accumulation of mass inside a control volume and net rate of outflow of the amount of mass across the control surface equal to zero 나 W 3 In flow = aut flow Q, +92 +93 - 94 +95

b) 3 SYN V 7 4 2 Given di = de = dz= dy As per the conservation of the mass 1 Git P = Pzt ay Art A = Az uzt tury As all diameters are equal, then areas and velocities are also equal At the middle the velocity of the flow will be half of the velocity of the flow at Section 1,2,3 OY 4. The law of conservation of mass will helps us to explain this type of problems.
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