Show that there are infinitely many primes of the form p=4k+3, k is a natural number....
Show that there are infinitely many primes of the form p=4k+3, k is a natural number. Hint: argue by contradiction: if there are finitely many such primes p1=3, p2=7,...,pn, consider the number N=4(p1,p2,...,pn) + 3.
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Show that there are infinitely many primes of the form p=4k+3, k
is a natural number....
Suppose that pı, P2, ..., P, are the only primes congruent to 1 (mod 4). Prove...
Suppose that pı, P2, ..., P, are the only primes congruent to 1 (mod 4). Prove that 4p?p, ... p, + 1 is divisible only by primes congruent to 3 (mod 4). Assuming that all odd prime factors of integers of the form x2 +1 are congruent to 1 (mod 4), use Exercise 6 to prove that there exist infinitely many primes congruent to 1 (mod 4).
7.23 Theorem. Let p be a prime congruent to 3 modulo 4. Let a be a natural number with 1 a< p-1. Then a is a quadrut...
7.23 Theorem. Let p be a prime congruent to 3 modulo 4. Let a be a natural number with 1 a< p-1. Then a is a quadrutic residue modulo pif and only ifp-a is a quadratic non-residue modulo p. 7.24 Theorem. Let p be a prime of the form p odd prime. Then p 3 (mod 4). 241 where q is an The next theorem describes the symmetry between primitive roots and quadratic residues for primes arising from odd Sophie...
a and b are answered so they can be used to solve c (solve only c)...
a and b are answered so they can be used to solve c
(solve only c)
#6.2 a) Let f : I → I be a differentiable function. x be a point in 1, and k be a natural number. Prove that Hint: Use the chain rule and mathematical induction. b) Let {pi,P2,... ,Pn) be the orbit of a periodic point with pe- riod n. Use part (a) to prove p1 is an attracting hyperbolic peri- odic point if and...
Hello, can someone show me the correct steps in solving this number theory practice question? (Please...
Hello, can someone show me the correct steps in solving this
number theory practice question?
(Please be legible).
Thank you.
Prove that there are infinitely many composite numbers of the where k e N. 2. a. form 5k +2, Prove that there are infinitely many composite numbers of the form 3k t where ke N b. Let a and b be natural numbers. Prove that there are infinitely many composite numbers of the form ak + b, where ke N....
Prove that there exists infinitely many numbers of the form an = n(n+1)/2 , for some...
Prove that there exists infinitely many numbers of the form an = n(n+1)/2 , for some positive integer n, such that every pair an, am (for n != m) are relatively prime. [Hint: Assume there exists a finite sequence an1 < an2 < an3 < . . . < anm, where nj are increasing positive integers. Show that using those numbers we can construct a new number that fulfills the requirements.]
13. (i) For each of the following equations, find all the natural numbers n that satisfy it (a) φ(n)-4 (b) o(n) 6 (c) ф(n) 8 (d) φ(n) = 10 (ii) Prove or disprove: (a) For every natural number k,...
13. (i) For each of the following equations, find all the natural numbers n that satisfy it (a) φ(n)-4 (b) o(n) 6 (c) ф(n) 8 (d) φ(n) = 10 (ii) Prove or disprove: (a) For every natural number k, there are only finitely many natural num- bers n such that ф(n)-k (b) For every integer n > 2, there are at least two distinction integers that are invertible modulo n (c) For every integers a, b,n with n > 1...
Consider the following extensive form game P1 RP:2 L2 R2 L1 R1 (2,2) (0,3) 1. How many sub-games are there in this game...
Consider the following extensive form game P1 RP:2 L2 R2 L1 R1 (2,2) (0,3) 1. How many sub-games are there in this game? What is the Subgame Perfect Equilibrium? 2. Represent this game as a Normal form game and find all pure strategy Nash Eq. Is there a mixed Nash eq. in this game? If yes, show one. If not, argue why not 3. Now assume that P2 cannot observe P1's action before he makes his move. As such, he...
A polynomial p(x) is an expression in variable x which is in the form axn + bxn-1 + …. + jx + k, where a, b, …, j, k are...
A polynomial p(x) is an expression in variable x which is in the form axn + bxn-1 + …. + jx + k, where a, b, …, j, k are real numbers, and n is a non-negative integer. n is called the degree of polynomial. Every term in a polynomial consists of a coefficient and an exponent. For example, for the first term axn, a is the coefficient and n is the exponent. This assignment is about representing and computing...
Need a detailed proof by strong induction! For every natural number n which is greater than...
Need a detailed proof by strong induction!
For every natural number n which is greater than or equal to 12, n can be written as the sum of a nonnegative multiple of 4 and a nonnegative multiple of 5. Hint: in the inductive step, it is easiest to show that P(k -3) - P(k +1), where P(n) is the given proposition.
Suppose we toss a coin (with P(H) p and P(T) 1-p-q) infinitely many times. Let Yi be the waiting time for the first head so (i-n)- (the first head occurs on the n-th toss) and Xn be the number of hea...
Suppose we toss a coin (with P(H) p and P(T) 1-p-q) infinitely many times. Let Yi be the waiting time for the first head so (i-n)- (the first head occurs on the n-th toss) and Xn be the number of heads after n-tosses so (X·= k)-(there are k heads after n tosses of the coin). (a) Compute the P(Y> n) (b) Prove using the formula P(AnB) P(B) (c) What is the physical meaning of the formula you just proved?
Suppose...
Suppose that pı, P2, ..., P, are the only primes congruent to 1 (mod 4). Prove that 4p?p, ... p, + 1 is divisible only by primes congruent to 3 (mod 4). Assuming that all odd prime factors of integers of the form x2 +1 are congruent to 1 (mod 4), use Exercise 6 to prove that there exist infinitely many primes congruent to 1 (mod 4).
7.23 Theorem. Let p be a prime congruent to 3 modulo 4. Let a be a natural number with 1 a< p-1. Then a is a quadrutic residue modulo pif and only ifp-a is a quadratic non-residue modulo p. 7.24 Theorem. Let p be a prime of the form p odd prime. Then p 3 (mod 4). 241 where q is an The next theorem describes the symmetry between primitive roots and quadratic residues for primes arising from odd Sophie...
a and b are answered so they can be used to solve c
(solve only c)
#6.2 a) Let f : I → I be a differentiable function. x be a point in 1, and k be a natural number. Prove that Hint: Use the chain rule and mathematical induction. b) Let {pi,P2,... ,Pn) be the orbit of a periodic point with pe- riod n. Use part (a) to prove p1 is an attracting hyperbolic peri- odic point if and...
Hello, can someone show me the correct steps in solving this
number theory practice question?
(Please be legible).
Thank you.
Prove that there are infinitely many composite numbers of the where k e N. 2. a. form 5k +2, Prove that there are infinitely many composite numbers of the form 3k t where ke N b. Let a and b be natural numbers. Prove that there are infinitely many composite numbers of the form ak + b, where ke N....
13. (i) For each of the following equations, find all the natural numbers n that satisfy it (a) φ(n)-4 (b) o(n) 6 (c) ф(n) 8 (d) φ(n) = 10 (ii) Prove or disprove: (a) For every natural number k, there are only finitely many natural num- bers n such that ф(n)-k (b) For every integer n > 2, there are at least two distinction integers that are invertible modulo n (c) For every integers a, b,n with n > 1...
Consider the following extensive form game P1 RP:2 L2 R2 L1 R1 (2,2) (0,3) 1. How many sub-games are there in this game? What is the Subgame Perfect Equilibrium? 2. Represent this game as a Normal form game and find all pure strategy Nash Eq. Is there a mixed Nash eq. in this game? If yes, show one. If not, argue why not 3. Now assume that P2 cannot observe P1's action before he makes his move. As such, he...
Need a detailed proof by strong induction!
For every natural number n which is greater than or equal to 12, n can be written as the sum of a nonnegative multiple of 4 and a nonnegative multiple of 5. Hint: in the inductive step, it is easiest to show that P(k -3) - P(k +1), where P(n) is the given proposition.
Suppose we toss a coin (with P(H) p and P(T) 1-p-q) infinitely many times. Let Yi be the waiting time for the first head so (i-n)- (the first head occurs on the n-th toss) and Xn be the number of heads after n-tosses so (X·= k)-(there are k heads after n tosses of the coin). (a) Compute the P(Y> n) (b) Prove using the formula P(AnB) P(B) (c) What is the physical meaning of the formula you just proved?
Suppose...
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