Question

please answer all the questions written in brown.

Groundwater 167 10 Groundwater Topics A. What is the definition of groundwater? Why is the composition of geyser deposits variable within Yellowstone National Park? How does the total amount of groundwater on Earth compare with that of surface water? B. How do the dynamics of groundwater in humid regions differ from those in arid regions? C. What are two common problems associated with the water table described here? What is hydraulic gradient, and how does its measurement differ from the way in which geologists measure slope? What is hydraulic conductivity? What is Darcy's Law, and how does it apply in computing the rate at which groundwater flows through a saturated zone? D. How can one map a water table from well data? How can one use such a map to decipher the direction and rate of flow of contaminants within the saturated zone? E. What is a potentiometric surface, and what does it have to do with artesian conditions? What does a potentiometric surface have to do with flowing and non-flowing artesian wells? F. What is a perched water table? What is the purpose of a reservoir liner? G. What is karst topography, and what are its features? How are the direction and rate of flow of groundwater in Florida measured from a study of ponds within sinkholes? A. Groundwater defined In its broadest definition groundwater is all that water that occurs in otherwise open spaces within rocks and sediments Groundwater that originates from the precipitation of rain and snow the topic of this exercise is called meteorie water of their deposition in ancient seas, and juvenile water, water that was born of magmatic activity. Neither connate water nos juvenile water is a source of potable water, but connate water can locally be important as a high-salinity e nvironmental contaminant associated with petroleum In addition to meteorie water, there are two minor sources of subterranean water comte water (aka sediment water, which is water that was entrapped within sediments at the time F re 10.1 The vast majority of ground- wat is m ore in originais free to prow ow differ with deperang Decades Flow lines Centures

Answer 1

Ans 10.1: There is a great contrast between the deposits of Mammoth springs and those found on the plateau,at mammoth spring there is 95 to 99 percent of calcium deposits and just a trace of silica,whereas on the plateau most part of deposits is siliceous.This difference occurs because at mammoth springs the stream which is coming from the fissures of igneous rocks comes in contact with the water which is found in Mesozoic strata.The cretaceous limestone they have precipitated out lime present in the solution on the surface in this area.On the other side the mineral constituents of plateau water are exclusively from high acidic lava containing a small trace of lime and more of silica.

SEP 2014 M T W 11 3 8 9 10 15 16 17 22 23 24 29 30 T 4 11 18 25 F S S 5 6 7 12 13 14 19 20 21 26 27 28 SATURDAY AUGUST 228-137 Weeks AUCUS 16 • Ans 10.2 (A) About & kilometers of water reside TA) About 8.4 Million Cubic tirs of water reside within ground 10 10.2/B) Taking Ratio of poundwater to that water en land = 8.4 - ) 4 2 times Ans. 10.3117 In general groundwater which is present underground is in the form of aquifiers and can be pumped out by drilling deep wells Surface water is found in streams, lakes, ribers and can be drawn out into public water supply. The cost of dielling, a well is much lesser than contracting La dam to use surface water (1) Surface water does not have high minerals and it is exposed to contamination by animal wastes, pesticides, algae etc Whereas groundwater has high mineral content and is away from geling contaminated 2014

-- SUNDAY AUGUST Work 33 229-136 Cij There are many sources of groundwate recharging that includes bakin rain ground Pater by ground, rivers of I dissappear ugdrground and meltine of snow wheras I the surface watch 10 Sources like rivers, lakes get dried up in simi and regions and during blousha Ov) In today's time when water resources are depleting at an alarming rate there is a terorism threat to the potable water supplies, which has ? become a major problem. The ground Water sources are much safer as they are less risible compared to surface water sources. Ans10 4: Gaining streams receive water from groundwater that is these stream dixhaiges water from water table so they are prosent in humed arear Whereas losing streams lie above the water table in the arid areas, thise streams. donol flow throughout year So water will rise fader in gareng losung stream so they become more largerdys. 2014