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Let a, b, c, d, n, 01, 02,...,0, EZ 4. (1...
Part 15A and 15B (15) Let n E Z+,and let d be a positive divisor of...
Part 15A and 15B
(15) Let n E Z+,and let d be a positive divisor of n. Theorem 23.7 tells us that Zn contains exactly one subgroup of order d, but not how many elements Z has of order d. We will determine that number in this exercise. (a) Determine the number of elements in Z12 of each order d. Fill in the table below to compare your answers to the number of integers between 1 and d that are...
8. Define (n) to be the number of positive integers less than n and n. That...
8. Define (n) to be the number of positive integers less than n and n. That is, (n) = {x e Z; 1 < x< n and gcd(x, n) = 1}|. Notice that U (n) |= ¢(n). For example U( 10) = {1, 3,7, 9} and therefore (10)= 4. It is well known that (n) is multiplicative. That is, if m, n are (mn) (m)¢(n). In general, (p") p" -p Also it's well known that there are relatively prime, then...
(3.5) Summing the Euler S-function (n): The Euler 6-function 6(n) counts the number of positive integers...
(3.5) Summing the Euler S-function (n): The Euler 6-function 6(n) counts the number of positive integers less than or equal to n, which are relatively prime with n. Evaluate 4(d), and prove that your answer is correct. (3.4) Relatively Prime Numbers and the Chinese Re- mainder Theorem: Give an example of three positive integers m, n, and r, and three integers a, b, and c such that the GCD of m, n, and r is 1, but there is no...
For number 25, can someone explain to me how they got (2^(ab-b)+2^(ab-2b)+2^(ab-3b)+...+(2^(ab-ab)) and how they reache...
For number 25, can someone explain to me how they got
(2^(ab-b)+2^(ab-2b)+2^(ab-3b)+...+(2^(ab-ab)) and how they reached
to that conclusion?
For number 29, can someone explain to me how "it can't be
greater than the greatest common divisor of a-b and b"? I would
think that gcd(a, b) would be greater than gcd(a-b, b) because "a"
and "b" are bigger than "a-b" and "b" so that confused me. Thank
you!
25. Ifn e N and 2n - 1 is prime, then...
2. Let n be a positive integer. Denote the number of positive integers less than n and rela- tive...
number thoery
just need 2 answered
2. Let n be a positive integer. Denote the number of positive integers less than n and rela- tively prime to n by p(n). Let a, b be positive integers such that ged(a,n) god(b,n)-1 Consider the set s, = {(a), (ba), (ba), ) (see Prollern 1). Let s-A]. Show that slp(n). 1. Let a, b, c, and n be positive integers such that gcd(a, n) = gcd(b, n) = gcd(c, n) = 1 If...
C1= 5 C2= 6 C3= 10 GCD --> Greater Common Divisor B1 a. Let x :=...
C1= 5
C2= 6
C3= 10
GCD --> Greater Common Divisor
B1 a. Let x := 3C1 + 1 and let y := 5C2 + 1. Use the Euclidean algorithm to determine the GCD (x, y), and we denote this integer by g. b. Reverse the steps in this algorithm to find integers a and b with ax + by = g. c. Use this to find the inverse of x modulo y. If the inverse doesn't exist why not?...
(4) Let y, , , be N(, i). Let θ,-y, and 02 = 7. (a) What...
(4) Let y, , , be N(, i). Let θ,-y, and 02 = 7. (a) What are the possible values of the θ. (b) Find the bias and MSE of both the estimators. (c) Is one of the estimators better than the other? (d) For what values of θ is better than 02?
Problem 7. Fix a natural number n € N, and let en denote the equivalence relation...
Problem 7. Fix a natural number n € N, and let en denote the equivalence relation "modulo n" on Z defined by x =n y if and only if n|y-r. axun (a) (6 points) Prove that pe N is prime, and if a, b € Z with a? Ep 62, then either a = b or a =p -b. (b) (4 points) Provide a counterexample showing the result in (a) may fail when p is not prime. That is, find...
(d)n- 1013 2. Let a, b, c, d be integers. Prove the statement or give a...
(d)n- 1013 2. Let a, b, c, d be integers. Prove the statement or give a counterexample (a) If (ab) c, then a |c and alc. (b) If a l b and c|d, then ac bod (c) If aYb and alc, then aYbc. (d) If a31b4, then alb. (e) If ged(a, b) 1 and alc and b c, then (ab) c. Here a and b are relatively prime integers, also called coprime integers.] rherF and r is an integer with...
Problem 4. Let B = {V1, 02, 03} CR, where [3] [1] 01 = 12, 02...
Problem 4. Let B = {V1, 02, 03} CR, where [3] [1] 01 = 12, 02 = 12103 = 1 [1] [2] 4.1. Show that the matrix A = (v1 V2 V3) E M3(R) is invertible by finding its inverse. Conclude that B is a basis for R3. 4.2. Find the matrices associated to the coordinate linear transformation T:R3 R3, T(x) = (2]B- and its inverse T-1: R3 R3. Use your answers to find formulas for the vectors 211 for...
Part 15A and 15B
(15) Let n E Z+,and let d be a positive divisor of n. Theorem 23.7 tells us that Zn contains exactly one subgroup of order d, but not how many elements Z has of order d. We will determine that number in this exercise. (a) Determine the number of elements in Z12 of each order d. Fill in the table below to compare your answers to the number of integers between 1 and d that are...
8. Define (n) to be the number of positive integers less than n and n. That is, (n) = {x e Z; 1 < x< n and gcd(x, n) = 1}|. Notice that U (n) |= ¢(n). For example U( 10) = {1, 3,7, 9} and therefore (10)= 4. It is well known that (n) is multiplicative. That is, if m, n are (mn) (m)¢(n). In general, (p") p" -p Also it's well known that there are relatively prime, then...
(3.5) Summing the Euler S-function (n): The Euler 6-function 6(n) counts the number of positive integers less than or equal to n, which are relatively prime with n. Evaluate 4(d), and prove that your answer is correct. (3.4) Relatively Prime Numbers and the Chinese Re- mainder Theorem: Give an example of three positive integers m, n, and r, and three integers a, b, and c such that the GCD of m, n, and r is 1, but there is no...
For number 25, can someone explain to me how they got
(2^(ab-b)+2^(ab-2b)+2^(ab-3b)+...+(2^(ab-ab)) and how they reached
to that conclusion?
For number 29, can someone explain to me how "it can't be
greater than the greatest common divisor of a-b and b"? I would
think that gcd(a, b) would be greater than gcd(a-b, b) because "a"
and "b" are bigger than "a-b" and "b" so that confused me. Thank
you!
25. Ifn e N and 2n - 1 is prime, then...
number thoery
just need 2 answered
2. Let n be a positive integer. Denote the number of positive integers less than n and rela- tively prime to n by p(n). Let a, b be positive integers such that ged(a,n) god(b,n)-1 Consider the set s, = {(a), (ba), (ba), ) (see Prollern 1). Let s-A]. Show that slp(n). 1. Let a, b, c, and n be positive integers such that gcd(a, n) = gcd(b, n) = gcd(c, n) = 1 If...
C1= 5
C2= 6
C3= 10
GCD --> Greater Common Divisor
B1 a. Let x := 3C1 + 1 and let y := 5C2 + 1. Use the Euclidean algorithm to determine the GCD (x, y), and we denote this integer by g. b. Reverse the steps in this algorithm to find integers a and b with ax + by = g. c. Use this to find the inverse of x modulo y. If the inverse doesn't exist why not?...
(4) Let y, , , be N(, i). Let θ,-y, and 02 = 7. (a) What are the possible values of the θ. (b) Find the bias and MSE of both the estimators. (c) Is one of the estimators better than the other? (d) For what values of θ is better than 02?
Problem 7. Fix a natural number n € N, and let en denote the equivalence relation "modulo n" on Z defined by x =n y if and only if n|y-r. axun (a) (6 points) Prove that pe N is prime, and if a, b € Z with a? Ep 62, then either a = b or a =p -b. (b) (4 points) Provide a counterexample showing the result in (a) may fail when p is not prime. That is, find...
(d)n- 1013 2. Let a, b, c, d be integers. Prove the statement or give a counterexample (a) If (ab) c, then a |c and alc. (b) If a l b and c|d, then ac bod (c) If aYb and alc, then aYbc. (d) If a31b4, then alb. (e) If ged(a, b) 1 and alc and b c, then (ab) c. Here a and b are relatively prime integers, also called coprime integers.] rherF and r is an integer with...
Problem 4. Let B = {V1, 02, 03} CR, where [3] [1] 01 = 12, 02 = 12103 = 1 [1] [2] 4.1. Show that the matrix A = (v1 V2 V3) E M3(R) is invertible by finding its inverse. Conclude that B is a basis for R3. 4.2. Find the matrices associated to the coordinate linear transformation T:R3 R3, T(x) = (2]B- and its inverse T-1: R3 R3. Use your answers to find formulas for the vectors 211 for...
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