Question

Santa Fe, New Mexico

rite answers: Define Cultural and site examples here in anta Fe. Define Heritage Tourism and site examples here in anta Fe.

Answer 1

Tradition has always been in the heart of Santa claus Fe and has already been a fundamental element of the city’s background and cityscape. The trade of goods and suggestions is deeply rooted within Santa Fe, beginning with the particular trade fairs attended simply by Native Americans and Mexico's indigenous population, to Este Camino Real and the particular Santa Fe Trail, in order to the vibrant markets plus art fairs of nowadays. Santa Fe's appointment in order to the UNESCO Creative Towns Network is a legs to the city's essential achievements in cultural business development.

Santa Fe offers a wealth of social resources which may have helped develop the city into what it is today. Native American traditions, including weaving, pottery, jewelry and dance remain an important part of contemporary Native culture and are present throughout the city. Spanish colonial art forms also continue to thrive today including folkloric dances, straw applique and tinwork. Santa Fe, where one in 10 jobs are tied to arts and cultural industries, is also home to more than 250 galleries, a vibrant performing arts community and an impressive range of museums.

Three major annual art markets are organized: the Santa Fe International Folk Art Market; the Traditional Spanish Colonial Market and the Indian Market. Santa Fe is also proud to have the highest percentage of writers and authors in the labor force in the US.

One percent of Santa Fe’s hotel tax supports local arts organizations, helping to maintain a flourishing arts community, employ artists and attract tourism. Furthermore, two percent of the cost of city buildings and infrastructure support site-specific public artworks. The Railyard, for example, is home to galleries, restaurants and the Santa Fe Farmers’ Market, one of the most widely recognized farmers’ markets in the United States. The Santa Fe University of Art and Design also contributes to the city’s vibrant creative economy by bringing creative young people to the city.

Background

Thirteen years before Plymouth Colony was settled from the Mayflower Pilgrims, Santa Convicción, New Mexico, was founded with a little cluster associated with European type dwellings. This would soon become the particular seat of power with regard to the Spanish Empire northern of the Rio Importante. Santa Fe is the particular oldest capital city within North America as well as the earliest European community west of the Mississippi.

While Santa Fe was inhabited on a very small scale in 1607, it was truly settled by the conquistador Don Pedro de Peralta in 1609-1610. Santa Fe is the site of both the oldest public building in America, the Palace of the Governors and the nation's oldest community celebration, the Santa Fe Fiesta, established in 1712 to commemorate the Spanish reconquest of New Mexico in the summer of 1692. Peralta and his men laid out the plan for Santa Fe at the base of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains on the site of the ancient Pueblo Indian ruin of Kaupoge, or "place of shell beads near the water. "

The city has been the capital for the Spanish "Kingdom of New Mexico, " the Mexican province of Nuevo Mejico, the American territory of New Mexico (which contained what is today Arizona and New Mexico) and since 1912 the state of New Mexico. Santa Fe, in fact, was the first foreign capital over taken by the United States, when in 1846 General Stephen Watts Kearny captured it during the Mexican-American War.

Santa claus Fe's history may become broken into six periods:

Preconquest and Founding
(circa 1050 to 1607)

Santa Fe's site was actually busy with a number of Poblado Indian villages with beginning dates from between 1050 to 1150. Most archaeology agree these sites had been abandoned 200 years prior to the Spanish arrived. Presently there is little evidence associated with their remains in Santa claus Fe today.

The "Kingdom of recent Mexico" was 1st claimed for that Spanish Overhead by the conquistador Put on Francisco Vasques de Coronado in 1540, 67 many years before the founding associated with Santa Fe. Coronado great men also uncovered the particular Grand Canyon and the particular Great Plains on their own New Mexico expedition.

Put on Juan de Onate grew to become the first Governor-General of recent Mexico and established their capital in 1598 in San Juan Pueblo, twenty five miles north of Santa claus Fe. When Onate upon the market, Don Pedro de Peralta was appointed Governor-General within 1609. One year later on, he previously moved the funds to present day Father christmas Fe.
For a period of time of 70 years start early 17th century, Spanish language soldiers and officials, since well as Franciscan missionaries, sought to subjugate in addition to convert the Pueblo Indians of the region. Typically the indigenous population at typically the time was near a hundred, 000 people, who chatted nine basic languages in addition to lived in around 75 multi-storied adobe towns (pueblos), many of which are present today. In 1680, Nación Indians revolted against typically the estimated 2, 500 Spanish language colonists in New South america, killing 400 of these people and driving the relax back into Mexico. Typically the conquering Pueblos sacked Father christmas Fe and burned nearly all of the buildings, except typically the Palace of the Governors. Pueblo Indians occupied Father christmas Fe until 1692, any time Don Diego de Vargas reconquered the region in addition to entered the capital city after a bloodless siege
Santa Fe grew and prospered as a city. Spanish authorities and missionaries - under pressure from constant raids by nomadic Indians and often bloody wars with the Comanches, Apaches and Navajos-formed an alliance with Pueblo Indians and maintained a successful religious and civil policy of peaceful coexistence. The Spanish policy of closed empire also heavily influenced the lives of most Santa Feans during these years as trade was restricted to Americans, British and French.
When Mexico gained its independence from Spain, Santa Fe became the capital of the province of New Mexico. The Spanish policy of closed empire ended, and American trappers and traders moved into the region. William Becknell opened the l, 000-mile-long Santa Fe Trail, leaving from Franklin, Missouri, with 21 men and a pack train of goods. In those days, aggressive Yankeetraders used Santa Fe's Plaza as a stock corral. Americans found Santa Fe and New Mexico not as exotic as they'd thought. One traveler called the region the "Siberia of the Mexican Republic. "

For a brief period in 1837, northern New Mexico farmers rebelled against Mexican rule, killed the provincial governor in what has been called the Chimayó Rebellion (named after a village north of Santa Fe) and occupied the capital. The insurrectionists were soon defeated, however , and three years later, Santa Fe was peaceful enough to see the first planting of cottonwood trees around the Plaza
On August 18, 1846, in the early period of the Mexican American War, an American army general, Stephen Watts Kearny, took Santa Fe and raised the American flag over the Plaza. Two years later, Mexico signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, ceding New Mexico and California to the United States.

In 1851, Jean B. Lamy, arrived in Santa Fe. Eighteen yrs later, he commenced structure of the Saint Francis Cathedral. Archbishop Lamy will be the model for the major character in Willa Cather's book, "Death Comes regarding the Archbishop. "

Regarding a few days inside March 1863, the Confederate flag of General Holly Sibley flew over Father christmas Fe, until he had been defeated by Union soldiers. With the arrival regarding the telegraph in 1868 and the coming regarding the Atchison, Topeka in addition to the Santa Fe Train in 1880, Santa Confianza and New Mexico experienced an monetary revolution. Data corruption in government, yet , supported the growth, and Leader Rutherford B. Hayes designated Lew Wallace as a new territorial governor to "clean up New Mexico. " Wallace did such a good job that Billy the Kid threatened to come up to Santa Fe and kill him. Thankfully, Billy failed and Wallace went on to finish his novel, "Ben Hur, " while territorial Governor.

When New Mexico gained statehood in 1912, many individuals were drawn to Santa Fe's dry climate as a cure for tuberculosis. The Museum of New Mexico had opened in 1909, and by 1917, its Museum of Fine Arts was built. The state museum's emphasis on local history and native culture did much to reinforce Santa Fe's image as an "exotic" city.