a) The normal surface tension in the fluids that line the alveoli is about 15 dynes/cm,...
You are a Biomedical Engineer interested in developing new drugs to help breathing in premature babies. Surfactant is a complex mixture of phospholipids, ions and proteins. It plays a critical role in increasing oxygen exchange in the alveoli of the lungs, by decreasing the surface tension of water on the alveoli surfaces. If surfactant is at abnormally low levels, then the attraction of water molecules for each other, and hence the surface tension, increases. This increased surface tension causes increased...
After exhalation, human alveoli have an average radius of approximately 0.05 mm. When inflated by inhalation, the radius increases to about 0.10 mm. The normal mucous tissue fluid surrounding the alveoli has a nominal surface tension of about 50 dynes/cm. The presence of the natural surfactant decreases this to about 3.3 dynes/cm (a factor of 15!). Note that the lungs are inflating by applying a negative pressure to body cavity around them, so the signs of your pressure changes might...