Question

Surface Temperature during the 20th Century (1981-2005) Surf Temp (radiative) ANN mean- 287.57 Min 215.42 Max 305.78 Surface Temperature during the Pre-Industrial time (1850-1874) Surf Temp (radiative) mean 287.11 Min 214.40 Max 305.97 310 285 280 240 230 210 Surface Temperature Difference Between the 20th Century and Pre-Industrial times mean= 0.46 rmse= 0.64 Min--3.86 Max-3.75 0.2 0.5

The series of maps included here show the annual mean surface temperature (in Kelvin, for reference 0°F is ~255 K, and 100°F is ~310 K) across the globe during the 20th Century (1981-2005, top), during the pre-industrial age (1850-1874, middle), and the difference in temperature between the pre-industrial and 20th Century time frames (bottom). Use the maps to answer the following questions.

1. Where are the areas (e.g., north pole, mid-latitudes, etc.) of greatest temperature for the 20th century?  Where are the areas (e.g., north pole, mid-latitudes, etc.) of greatest temperature for the pre-industrial time? Does this make sense to you? Why or why not.
2. Where are the areas (e.g., north pole, mid-latitudes, etc.) of lowest temperature for the 20th century?  Where are the areas (e.g., north pole, mid-latitudes, etc.) of lowest temperature for the pre-industrial time? Does this make sense to you? Why or why not.
3. Where are the areas (e.g., north pole, mid-latitudes, etc.) of greatest change in surface temperature between the pre-industrial and 20th century time frames? (Hint: use the bottom map for this) Is the change an increase or decrease in surface temperature? What effect might the temperature change have on these areas?

Answer 1

1) The higher temperature is on equatorial and tropical regions of Pacific ocean,  India Ocean, some Asian island and some parts of Africa as well during the 20th Century where the temperature is around 300 to 305 Kelvin.

2) Same is the case as number 1) for pre-industrial age as well. But, very minor spatial variation in temperature has been observed i.e. 3-5 Kelvin in maximum.

3) Yes, it makes sense to me! Because it is as according to the nature of law. These areas as mentioned above are on the range of almost vertical sun-rays incident on the Earth's surface due to which the temperature is higher as compared to mid-latitude and other high  latitude areas. I find almost negligible relation in temperature variation before industrial era and after industrial era.

4) The lowest temperature is on South pole(i.e. Antarctic region) with the temperature range of about 210-220 Kelvin.

5) Same is the case as umber 4) for pre-industrial age as well.

6) Yes, it makes sense to me! Because it is as according to the nature of law. These area mentioned above is in the range of low-incidence angle of sun light causing it to travel more distance and hence there is very low temperature.

7) The greatest change in surface temperature between the pre-industrial and 20th century time frames is at around Greenland area of North pole (shown in red area in third image) and in Antarctic region of south pole(shown in red color in third image).

8) The change is an increase in temperature.

9) The region is may be due to Global warming effect first observed on high latitude.