A) Mathematical model is a description of system using mathematics.
B) Principle of superposition states if two inputs are scaled and summed and routed through a linear, time invariant system then the output will be identical to the sum of outputs due to individual scaled inputs when routed through the same system.
Description of the behavior of a system using mathematics O Mathematical model O Transfer function O...
Chapter overview 1. Reasons for international trade Resources reasons Economic reasons Other reasons 2. Difference between international trade and domestic trade More complex context More difficult and risky Higher management skills required 3. Basic concept s relating to international trade Visible trade & invisible trade Favorable trade & unfavorable trade General trade system & special trade system Volume of international trade & quantum of international trade Commodity composition of international trade Geographical composition of international trade Degree / ratio of...