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4. Government Intervention A) Define (in your own words, please do not use the book, or other online resources) and give a st

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Answer #1

a.

Price controls are government regulated minimum or maximum prices which are set for specific goods. It is set usually by the government so that it is affordable even to common people.

Hence black market may develop as a result of price control because individual can profit by illegal exchanges.


b.

The price ceiling is a legal maximum price which can be charged by the sellers and it is set below the equilibrium price. The price ceiling imposed by the government leads shortage of goods.

If price ceiling is set below the equilibrium price, then it will be binding and if it is set above the equilibrium price, then it will be not binding.

c.

Since the price floor is the legal minimum price which can be charged and it is set above the equilibrium price. It leads surplus of outputs. So when the price floor is set above the equilibrium price, only then it is effective but when it is set either below the equilibrium price or at the equilibrium price, then it will be ineffective. So there will be no unintended inventory and market gets cleared. Hence black market may develop as a result of price control because individual can profit by illegal exchanges.

d.

When prices of products are set below equilibrium, then less than the equilibrium quantity will be traded and so a deadweight loss arises and vice-versa. The DWL arises because total surplus decreases due to distortion of quantity traded due price control.

e.

The consumer surplus is the area below the demand curve and above the price.

Since producer surplus is the area below the price and above the supply curve.

The sum of producer and consumer surplus is defined as the social surplus.

f. and g

surplus price floor Price ceiling stage a Q 22. - Quantity

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