Question

4. Which of the following enzymes catalyzed reactions in glycolysis require(s) ATP as a substrate? A) Phosphoglycerate mutase E) Pyruvate kinase B) Aldolase F) Phosphofructokinase-1 C) Phosphoglycerate kinase G) Hexokinase D) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 5. Blood Lactate Levels during Vigorous Exercise The following graph shows the concentrations of lactate in blood plasma before, during, and after a 400 m sprint. Use your knowledge from chapter 14 to explain the causes of the rapid rise in lactate concentration? --Before-- - After Blood [lactate) (MM) 0 40 60 20 Time (min)

Answer 1

ANSWER

ANSWER Clyrolysu u w energy conversion passerangan ang living ceste, both pokarphir and eukaryote. It consist of enenatie steps that convert glucose into laar aard. @ Phosphoqly cerate mutase od la general, matase enzymes are hose which catalyses an is the molecular luft of a chersical group. sich as phosphoryl group. sot phosphoplywali mutase see carries the slist of the prospapry group position in the Conversion of 3- phosphoglycerali isto &- phosphagby cerate in 30 Phosphoplyserati entre 2- phosphaglycerate. ( 0 mudas Hence there is no cesage & Arp as substrale here.

6 Aldolase Aldolase is used in conversion of Sugar into every glycolysis, aldolase enhance splutting of fructose - 116 biphosphate into glyceraldehyde 3 - phosphate and GAP) and diny droxy ace one phosphate BraP). e Fructose Aloblase Dihydroxy ace one phosphali Glyceraldehyde - 3-phosphale Glycerala (GAP) Hence la Here bre this reaction also no Al sugar is converted into Sesstrabes used. 2 3 - Carbon fragments

Phosphoglycerali knase This enzyne Catalyses the transfer of the phosphoryl group from the acyl phosphate of 1,3 biphosphoglycerat to ADP The products are 3-phospho glycerate and All 13 be phospha glycerali + ADP phosphony Gerali 3-phosphog lycrate + ATP. Alps produced but not ased as a substale- Here de e) Glyceraldebyde 3-phosphalt de bydrogenase This bestibght losyne catalyses de mitral reaction energy transformation is the glycolysis. 21,3 biphosphoqly corali (23. Bp6) from Conversion og gle ceval debyde 3-phosphabe Clyleveldehyde 3-Chorphali- d alyuge ose 3-Ohe sphate & NAD + Pidelprogecase 1,3 bisphospho abfeesale + NAOH + H Hence so Ai es wed as a substab-

6 Pyruvate kinase Once the phosphe end) pyruvate u fansed. It traps the molecule An Its unstable enole form. When the phosphoryl group has been donated to AP, enol for cindergo o keto form a more stable, pyravali & AD Phosphoenen Pyruvate pyreovalé Ceno) for spruvate (kex form). Hence in this reaction Arp is used as a substrali 0 Phosphofructok mase - Phosphofructorinare Catalyse the following reaction! Centena Fructose 6 phosphali & ATP nce & ATO Phospha fructe Phosphase Cine Fructose, 1-6 bisphosphali. & ADP + Ht. 16 It sets the uses pare ATP & glycolysis An as a debstrali & HexoRinase . It raps glacese & begins the glycolysis The transfer & an phosphery group from ano 4 OH group as Carbon 6 is Catalysed by Lexo khase. Hexokmare Glucose & ATP - Glucose bo phosphate

Hexokinase thus uses ATP as a substrate.

Here only options E F G enzymes uses ATP as a substrate for thier glycolysis reactions.

The reactions are shown above