Question

1. The H₃⁺ ion is unstable under ambient terrestrial conditions, but because of the abundance of H in the universe and the cold vacuous nature of space between celestial bodies, it is, in fact, quite abundant in the universe and important in the chemistry of outer space. Actual H₃⁺ ions are cyclic, but we will consider instead the simpler possibility of a linear H₃⁺ molecule. Draw a molecular orbital diagram for linear H₃⁺. Include both the atomic orbitals that combine and the molecular orbitals that are formed. Label all orbitals as either sigma, pi, or delta and as either u or g. Put the appropriate number of electrons in the molecular orbitals. Be sure to consider the relative energies of both the atomic orbitals and the molecular orbitals. Below each orbital, provide a cursory sketch and indicate the number of nodes present.

Answer 1

inolecular orbital diagrams for the It is a 3 centre ae molewele. one é is eliminated freosos central hydrogen Two kind of orbital is constructed i central hydrogen .in = 15° It can be domoted as . Here only one energy level (restos) 4) crroup orbital hydrogen (Both conneogen) @ H H Cis' + is') orbitse Two type of orientation is possible ix. in phase - elo lag out phase - Olo. - h out Phase due to opposite u symmetry one node is present . Here two type of energy level foras ag - Because sorbital toruns a bood and gerade (g) due to some symmetry au= Due to opposite symmetry (u) ungerade

O CABO) Anan - ..teco Chuole has Oo UyBo) ,to - au : Cos'tis') -. 0-0 0-0 0 ing Central Ht atom CB.0) Croup orbital crowd molecular orbital is formed only whe .. energy level and orbital are of some energy and some bysmetony. . Be cause some symmetry isseo is exhibected by Similar symmetry group orbe centaal atom orbital; moteulen .. orbital (ie Bonding and Antiboarding orbital es foroned) Since out of phase orbital of (is tis') cannot overlap with centrel atom so it is ber assigred as non-bonding orbitat ou assigned as an inoo)
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