The Frank Stone Company is considering the introduction of a new product. Generally, the company's products have a life of about 5 years, after which they are deleted from the range of products that the company sells. The new product requires the purchase of new equipment costing $4,000,000, including freight and installation charges. The useful life of the equipment is 5 years, with an estimated resale of equipment of $1,575,000 at the end of that period. The equipment will be fully depreciation to zero value using the straight line (prime cost) method.
The new product will be manufactured in a factory already owned by the company. This factory is currently being rented to another company under a lease agreement that has 5 years to run and provides for an annual rental of $150,000. Under the lease agreement, the Frank Stone Company can cancel the lease by immediately (year 0) paying the lessee compensation equal to 1 year's rental payment.
It is expected that the product will involve the company in sales promotion expenditures that will amount to $500,000 during the first year the product is on the market. Additions to current assets (net working capital) will require $225,000 at the commencement of the project and are assumed to be fully recoverable at the end of the fifth year.
The new product is expected to generate sales revenue as follows:
Year 1: $3,000,000
Year 2: $3,500,000
Year 3: $3,250,000
Year 4: $3,000,000
Year 5: $1,500,000
It is assumed that all cash flows are received at the end of each year. The corporate tax rate is 35%.
Frank Stone Company has an equity beta of 0.5. Its capital structure consists of equal amounts of equity and debt. The risk free rate is 6%. The debt has a pre-tax yield of 10% and the expected rate of return on the market index is 18%.
Answer the following questions using your Excel financial model:
a. What is Frank Stone Company ’s weighted average cost of capital (WACC)?
b. Estimate the free cash flows of the project.
c. What is the net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) of the project? Should Frank Stone Company undertake the project based on NPV? How about IRR? Do both NPV and IRR lead to the same decision?
Full Excel of the Problem is below
Particulars | Values (Can be Changed) | |||||
Tax Rate | 35% | Expected Equity Return | 12.00% | |||
Beta | 0.5 | WACC | 7.950% | |||
Risk Free Rate | 6% | |||||
Debt Yield | 10% | |||||
Returns from Market | 18% | |||||
Debt/Total Capital | 50% | |||||
Equity/Total Capital | 50% | |||||
Debt/Equity Ratio | 1.00 | |||||
Investment | (40,00,000) | |||||
Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Revenue | 30,00,000 | 35,00,000 | 32,50,000 | 30,00,000 | 15,00,000 | |
Minus: Depreciation | 8,00,000 | 8,00,000 | 8,00,000 | 8,00,000 | 8,00,000 | |
Marketing Promotions | 5,00,000 | |||||
Profit Before Tax | 17,00,000 | 27,00,000 | 24,50,000 | 22,00,000 | 7,00,000 | |
Tax Amount | 5,95,000 | 9,45,000 | 8,57,500 | 7,70,000 | 2,45,000 | |
Profit After Tax | 11,05,000 | 17,55,000 | 15,92,500 | 14,30,000 | 4,55,000 | |
Adding Back Depreciation | 19,05,000 | 25,55,000 | 23,92,500 | 22,30,000 | 12,55,000 | |
Cost due to cancellation of Lease Rental | (1,50,000) | |||||
Total Cash Flow from Project | (1,50,000) | 19,05,000 | 25,55,000 | 23,92,500 | 22,30,000 | 12,55,000 |
Working Capital | 2,25,000 | 2,25,000 | 2,25,000 | 2,25,000 | 2,25,000 | - |
Investment Cash Flow | ||||||
Revenue from Sale of Equipment | 15,75,000 | |||||
Change in Working Capital | 2,25,000 | - | - | - | - | (2,25,000) |
Cash Flow from Investments | 2,25,000 | - | - | - | - | 13,50,000 |
Total Cash Flow to Firm | 75,000 | 19,05,000 | 25,55,000 | 23,92,500 | 22,30,000 | 26,05,000 |
Discount Factor (by WACC) | 1 | 0.9264 | 0.8581 | 0.7949 | 0.7364 | 0.6822 |
PV of the Company | 75,000 | 17,64,706 | 21,92,530 | 19,01,884 | 16,42,155 | 17,77,029 |
NPV = Sum of PV - Investment | 53,53,305 | |||||
(39,25,000) | 19,05,000 | 25,55,000 | 23,92,500 | 22,30,000 | 26,05,000 | |
IRR of Firm | 49.56% |
A: Frank Stone's Company WACC is 7.950%
B: Free Cash Flow From Project is mentioned in the excel above. Please note that the project returns are different from the cash flow return as the project returns takes into account only the returns from the project. It is not concerned by how the project is funded. However, the NPV is calculated taking into account all the financing, investment and other factors as well.
C: NPV of the Firm is $5,353,305 & IRR is 49.56% . Since IRR is above the WACC, the company should consider taking up the project. NPV is positive. Hence, project is viable and profitable. Therefore, both IRR and NPV are pointing to the same direction.
D:
The sensitivity of NPV to WACCcan be seen in the above graph. The slope of the line shall give us the sensitivity of the NPV to WACC.
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