*A person having altruistic personality engages in more prosocial behaviour.
Altruistic persons have cluster of traits that predisposes individuals to behave in prosocial manner.
Altruistic person shows below mentioned 5 dimensions
1.Empathy- altruistic person shows more empathy than those who are not altruistic.
They are seen as tolerant ,self-controlled ,responsible and socialized.
2.Belief in a just world- they believe the world is a place in which good behaviour is rewarded and bad behaviour is punished.
They perceive helping those in need is a right thing to do.
3.Social responsibility- they assume that it is their responsibility to help someone in need.
4.Internal locus of control-They tries to increase good outcomes by helping others in need. They don't believe in luck and fate.
5.They have low egocentrism and competitive spirit.
An altruistic person shows above mentioned characteristics.
-Detailed example
When you met with altruistic persons,you can observe following characteristics
They are more willing to help someone in need.They used to make more donation for charity and even ready to donate their organs for those in need.
They shows empathy towards others. They make a good social relationship with others. Altruistic person tries to make good impression. They are more tolerant in difficult situations. They believe that helping others is a right thing to do . They often think helping others in need as a social responsibility. They believe that their behaviour is the main thing that shape outcomes in life. They believe that helping behaviour ultimately brings out good outcomes in life. There are not very competitive and self-absorbed.They show an increased tendency to attend to others needs. They show selfless love towards others. They even don't expect anything in return from others for their favours. They even ready to take adventures for saving others lives in dangers. They even ready to sacrifice their life for others wellbeing.
*Bystander effect- individuals are less likely to help victims when greater the number of witnesses to an emergency present.
According to Darley and Latane greater the number of people who are witnessing an emergency each bystander thinks that others will take the responsibility and ultimately it leads to reduced prosocial behaviour.
We are familiar with many instances in which even though many bystanders are present victims are less likely to get help from them.Each bystander will think that others present will help the victim and they wouldn't need to help them.
Steps to overcome Bystander effect
1.Witnessing helping behaviours
When you see a person is helping someone in needs it would also increase your tendency to help others.
For example,when you know someone donated a huge amount ,it makes you more willing to donate money.
2.Being observant
Emergency happen unexpectedly. First thing to notice in an emergency is that something unusual is happening.You must pay attention to the event . You must be able to correctly interpret the event as an emergency even though ambiguous information is available.
In one experiment smoke pumped into participants room. It was seen that as the number of participants in the each group increased ,participants failed to respond to the emergency.They thought that it is not an emergency.
In order to overcome bystander effect you must focus on events rather than focusing on bystanders responses.
3.Deciding that it is your responsibility
When you think that it is your responsibility ti help someone in need makes you less likely to think about others responses .You should be willing to help the victim even though bystanders are present.
4. Decide that you have the skills and knowledge to act.
Some emergency situations requires skilled persons. For example ,only good swimmers can assist a person who is drowning.
Even though we are not skilled in every field, but you can do some first aids to the victims.
5.Having a personal relationship
We are more willing to help someone whom we know personally.
If you are in trouble make eye contact and directly ask a person presenting in the crowd for your assistance rather than making a general plea to the whole crowd.
6.Feeling good
You feel good when you help others which in turn increases prosocial behaviour.
Concludingly we can say that harmful effects of bystander effect can be overcome by many ways.For example, when you feel that you are more skilled in helping victims than other bystander present in the situation.It will increase prosocial behaviour and reduce bystander effect.
altrusim: explain what altrusistic personality ie, give a detail example of someone demonstrating altruistic behavior bystander...