Homework Answers
Hi, Hope this will help you. I know it is complicated and lengthy procedure please go through all the part for better understanding. I have explained everything in detail.
If you face any difficulty in this please let me know.
In this Ex4_2.mas has the following code
----------------code-----------------------------------------
/ Example 4.1
ORG 100
If, Load X /Load the first value
Subt Y /Subtract the value of Y, store result in AC
Skipcond 400 /If AC=0, skip the next instruction
Jump Else /Jump to Else part if AC is not equal to 0
Then, Load X /Reload X so it can be doubled
Add X /Double X
Store X /Store the new value
Jump Endif /Skip over the false, or else, part to end of if
Else, Load Y /Start the else part by loading Y
Subt X /Subtract X from Y
Store Y /Store Y-X in Y
Endif, Halt /Terminate program (it doesn't do much!)
X, Dec 12 /Load the loop control variable
Y, Dec 20 /Subtract one from the loop control variable
END
--------------------------step 1 to 5 are done in simulator ----------
Hence the code on address
100 (instruction is) load x means loading the Value 12 of X in Accumulator. AC=12
101 (instruction is) subt y mean subtracting a value of y from Accumulator (AC= X-Y) and result store in AC (Accumulator) means AC=12-20=-8
On 102 instruction is Skipcond 400 means (if AC=0 then skip next instruction, over here AC stores the difference between X and y, if this difference is 0 then skip next instruction. Hence we are checking if X and Y both values are same or not. If difference is 0 means both are same.
Hence condition checked is if (X=Y)
Hence answer on 6----- if (X=Y)
Now AC=-8 means the next instruction is not skipped and instruction on 103 line will be executed
Which is Jump Else
Hence Answer on 7----line with else part is execute
Now control transfer at address 108 Load Y// 20 is loaded (y’s value) in AC hence AC=20
At 109 Subt X//means AC=y-x hence X’s value is subtracted from Y hence AC=8
At 10A instruction is Store Y //means AC= 8 is stored in Y
Hence Answer on 8 -------- Y=Y-X
Now modify the code according to instruction change X=20 then assembled it and load.
Again
100 (instruction is) load x means loading the Value 20 of X in Accumulator. AC=20
101 (instruction is) subt y mean subtracting a value of y from Accumulator (AC= X-Y) and result store in AC (Accumulator) means AC=20-20=0
On 102 instruction is Skipcond 400 means (if AC=0 then skip next instruction, over here AC stores the difference between X and y, if this difference is 0 then skip next instruction. Hence we are checking if X and Y both values are same or not. If difference is 0 means both are same.
Hence condition checked is if (X=Y)
Hence answer on 12----- if (X=Y)
Now AC=0 means the next instruction is skipped (instruction at 103 is skipped)and instruction on 104 line will be executed
Which is Then
Hence Answer on 13----line with Then part is execute
We know at address 102 Skipcond 400 means checking for X=Y, over here x and y both are equal hence next instruction (instruction at address 103) is skipped and control goes to directly at 104 address Then part in which program load X // loads AC=X, loading X’s Value in AC
At 105 ADD X//means AC=X+X=2*X doubling the value X
At 106 Store X//storing the new value X=AC
AT107 Jump endif //jump to end if where Hlt is written program ends
Hence then part is X=X*2
Hence Answer on 14---------------- X=X*2
By looking at program along with comments we can determine that
Hence Answer on 15 --------
If X=Y
Then X=X*2
Else
Y=Y-X
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Now we have to modify a code
If X>Y then
X=X-Y
Else
Y=X+Y
According to the if condition we are checking X>Y means AC>0 when AC=X-Y (when subtracting y from X ) >0 hence the skipcond becomes 800 (which checks the value of AC if AC>0 means we are skipping next instruction)
Please go through code and comments are associated with each line. Please go through the screen shot also.
Hence the code becomes
--------------------------------------Code---------------------------------------------------------------------
ORG 100
If, Load X /Load
the first value AC=X
Subt Y /Subtract the value of
Y, store result in AC=X-Y
Skipcond 800 /If AC>0, skip the next
instruction
Jump Else /Jump to Else part
if AC < 0
Then, Load X /Reload X hence
AC=X
Subt Y /AC=X-Y subt y from
x
Store X /Store the new
value
Jump Endif /Skip over the
false, or else, part to end of if
Else, Load X /Start the else
part by loading X AC=X
Add Y /AC=X+Y
Store Y /Store AC in Y
Endif, Halt /Terminate program (it
doesn't do much!)
X, Dec
20
Y, Dec
20
END
In first screen shot Y’s Value is stored at 10D. In first screenshot X=20 and Y=20
Hence AC=X-Y=20-20=0 hence Else part is executed (Because AC is not >0, AC=0)
Hence Y=Y+X means 20+20=40 in decimal (means 028 in hex) hence you can see 028 at 10D
In second screenshot we have X=20 and Y=12
Hence AC=20-12=8 means AC>0 hence then part is executed in which
X=X-Y means 20-12=8 and this result is stored in X.
As you can see X is stored at 10C means 008 is stored in 10C.
---------------------------------------------------------------screenshot-----------------------------------------------------------------
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