Question

A3. Based on formal charges, which of the two resonance structures of the Nitrate ion (NO3-) is more likely. Find the formal charges. :0: (1) :0 (1) (3) (A) (B) Which resonance structure is more likely Formal charges on atoms in the more likely resonance structure: Atom Formal charge N O (1) O (2) . O (3) D

Answer 1

formule for formal charge :- formal charge No. of valence electrons - lone pair electrons Bonded electron for Ist structure : Ö: (1) formal charge on 0(1) value electrons of o=6 1 OO 0 6.6+ 1x2 2 6-7 = -1 (2) (3) C formal charge on 0 (2) Valence eo ofo = 6 lone paire = 4 Bonded electrons = 4 3 formal charge 6+6+ 1 x 6-7 =-1 formal charge 6-4 + xy 6-4+2 6-6 O

Valence electrons of N = 5 (152; 212, 2p3) lone pair eeu)=0 Bonded electrons = 8 0 4 formal charge on 5-0 + 1x Nitrogen 5-4 =t1 00 O :0. > Ő. *°61) Ind strulture. Similarly for :0 All three are oxygens having - oxidation state. (formal change :0 - 0 N= valence e=5 lone paire (5)=2 , Bonded electron=6 5-2 + 1XG 2 5-5=0 formal Most likely structure should be charge tends to be zero or nearer to zero. structure is Most likely. one where 2nd