Question

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LICABLE MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: 1. Shear forces cause which one of the following? a. Strike-slip faults c. Reverse faults e. Thrust faults b. Normal faults d. Recumbent faults 2. Compressional stress can result in the formation of st faults c. Reverse faults e. Both a. and c. b. Horsts and grabens Rift valleys 3. Tensile forces cause which one of the following? Strike-slip faults c. Reverse faultsT Normal faults e faults e. Thrust faults a. b. d. Recumbent faults 4. Once the elastic limit of rock is surpassed c. Deformation become d. Only a. and c The rock may deform All of these a. b. s permanent e. An earthquake may occur with the oldest rocks in the center are called 5. 6. 7. 8. Large, circular up-warped structures Linear down-folded structures with the youngest strata in the center Linear up-folded structures with the oldest strata in the center are termed: If erosion stripped the top off a basin, one would find a. Anticines b.Synclinesc, Basins d' Domes a. Anticlines a. Anticlines b. Synclines c. Basins d. Domes e e. Monoclines. are called b. Synclines c. Basins d. Domes nes. nes. a. The oldest rocks were exposed at the center b. The youngest rocks were exposed at the center. c. A circular or elliptical pattern of outcropping rock layers d. Both a. and c. e. both b. and c. 9. If erosion stripped the top off a dome, one would find The oldest rocks were exposed at the center The youngest rocks were exposed at the center A circular or elliptical pattern of outcropping rock layers. Both a. and c. a. b. c. d. e. both b. and c. 10. Elastic deformation is d. not permanent e. answers b and d d. not permanent e. answers b and d becomes permanent if the elastic limit is surpassed answers a and b b. c. 11. Plastic deformation is: a. Permanent b. c. becomes permanent if the elastic limit is surpassed answers a and d 12. Which of the following combinations should favor faulting rather than folding? a. b. c. d. High temperature and low confining pressure Low confining pressure and low temperature High confining pressure and low temperature High temperature and high confining pressure 13. Folds that appear to be S" or Z' shaped are called 14. Folds that have a V-shaped with 15. Flds Anticlines licrop patterns with the youngest rocks in the center is a a. Synclines b. anticlines c. monoclines a. Anticlines b. Synclines c. An d Anticlinsoutcrop patterns with the oldest rocks in the center is a d. domes e. basins e. Monoclines. Folds that have a V-shaped Plunging Anticline d. Plunging Syncline with c. Plunging Anticline d. Plunging Syncline e. Monoclines.

Answer 1

1. Shear force results in the movement of blocks in the strata in two opposite directions. Strike-slip faults are formed as the blocks move opposite to each other due to forces applied parallel to the faulting surface while other faults such as normal, reverse or thrust faults are not formed due to such movements. So the correct option is a.
2. Compressional stress results in the shortening of matter in the strata which is observed in the case of reverse and thrust faults. Horsts and grabens, rift valleys do not form as a result of compression. So the correct option is e.
3. Tensile forces result in the stretching of matter in the strata which is observed in the case of a normal fault. Strike-slip, reverse or thrust faults do not form as a result of compression. So the correct option is b.
4. Once the elastic limit is passed, the rock undergoes plastic deformation which is permanent. Earthquakes occur when elastic and plastic limits are surpassed. So the correct option is c.
5. Large, circular, up-warped structures are basins and domes. So options a,b,e are incorrect. When the oldest rocks are in the center, the structure is known as a dome. The correct option is d.
6. Linear down-folded structures with the youngest strata in the center are known as synclines. Anticlines, monoclines, basins and domes are not linear down-folded structures. So the correct option is b.
7. Linear up-folded structures with the oldest strata in the center are known as anticlines. Synclines, monoclines, basins and domes are not linear up-folded structures. So the correct option is a.
8. If erosion stripped the top of a basin, then the youngest rocks would be found at the center, along with a circular or elliptical pattern of outcropping rock layers. The oldest rock would be found outward and away from the center. So the correct option is e.
9. If erosion stripped the top of a dome, then the oldest rocks would be found at the center, along with a circular or elliptical pattern of outcropping rock layers. The youngest rock would be found outward and away from the center. So the correct option is d.
10. Elastic deformation is not permanent as the changes in shape, size, volume of matter may be reversed but the deformation becomes permanent when the elastic limit is surpassed after which the matter undergoes plastic deformation. So the correct option is e.
11. Plastic deformation is a permanent change in the surficial and volumetric characteristics of rocks. Since the permanent deformation does not occur before the attainment of elastic limit, options b, c, d, e are incorrect. So the correct option is a.  
12. Faulting in rocks takes place when the stratum is at a cooler surface and the confining pressure is low for generating brittle deformation. High pressure or high temperature will favor plastic deformation which leads to shearing. So the correct option is c.
13. Synclines, anticlines appear to be U- or V-shaped while domes and basins are elliptical or circular. Monoclines are folds with layers having steep and gentle dips appearing to be s- or z-shaped. So the correct option is c.
14. Folds that have V-shaped outcrop patterns with the youngest rocks at the center is a plunging syncline in which the fold axis is on an inclined plane and the oldest rocks are away from the center. Plunging anticlines do not have the youngest rocks at the center. Anticlines, synclines, monoclines do not appear to be V-shaped. So the incorrect options are a, b, c, e. The correct option is d.
15. Folds that have V-shaped outcrop patterns with the oldest rocks at the center is a plunging anticline in which the fold axis is on an inclined plane and the youngest rocks are away from the center. Plunging synclines do not have the oldest rocks at the center. Anticlines, synclines, monoclines do not appear to be V-shaped. So the incorrect options are a, b, d, e. The correct option is c.