6.10 (a) What characteristic molecular properties of H2O and CO2 cause their absorption of IR radiation? (b) Why are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), such as CF2Cl2 and CFCL3, such effective greenhouse gases? (c) In addition to H2O, CO2, and CFCs, name two other greenhouse gases and identify for each of them one human activity leading to atmospheric emissions.
Answer :- When IR radiations struck CO2 and H2O molecules ,the chemical bonds present in these molecules vibrate (bond stretching and bending vibrations) in such a way or manner that will cause change in dipole moment of the molecules. Only those molecules absorb IR radiations in which bond vibrations cause change in dipole moment of the molecule.
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) are more effective greenhouse gases than CO2 and H2O, because their heat carrying capacity is much more than carbon dioxide & H2O. Also, their decay in environment is negligible and they persist easily for about 45-55 years.
Others greenhouse gases are N2O and CH4. Major source of N2O is cars, trucks and thermal plants. When fossil fuels burn part of nitrogen present in them get converted to N2O. Another human activity which cause large emission of CH4 , is mining of coal.
6.10 (a) What characteristic molecular properties of H2O and CO2 cause their absorption of IR radiation?...
What is the common chemical property of greenhouse (GH) gases that cause them to absorb IR (infrared irradiation)? Name a few GH gases. Explain why CO2 has been considered the most important greenhouse gas that may cause climate change, although many of the greenhouse gases have IR absorption efficiency much stronger than CO2? (Maximum 250 words)
10. Write a one-page summary of the attached paper? INTRODUCTION Many problems can develop in activated sludge operation that adversely affect effluent quality with origins in the engineering, hydraulic and microbiological components of the process. The real "heart" of the activated sludge system is the development and maintenance of a mixed microbial culture (activated sludge) that treats wastewater and which can be managed. One definition of a wastewater treatment plant operator is a "bug farmer", one who controls the aeration...