Question

The following XML document describes a selection of books from a library.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!-- file name: library.xml -->

<library>

<book category="COOKING">

<title lang="en">My Kitchen Year</title>

<author>Ruth Reichl</author>

<year>2015</year>

<price>35.00</price>

<pages>352</pages>

</book>

<book category="CHILDREN">

<title lang="en">Harry Potter</title>

<author>J. K. Rowling</author>

<year>2005</year>

<price cover="soft">29.99</price>

</book>

<book category="XML">

<title lang="en">XQuery Kick Start</title>

<author>Brian Benz</author>

<author> John Durant</author>

<year>2003</year>

<price cover="hard">149.99</price>

<pages>984</pages>

</book>

<book category="XML">

<title lang="en">XML Primer</title>

<author>

Nicholas Chase</author>

<year>2002</year>

<price>39.95</price>

<pages>1024</pages>

<description> I highly recommend this book. It's a

<emphasis> good intro book to XML </emphasis>, which

is what it's intended to be.</description>

</book>

</library>

1. Check if the XML document is well-formed. If it is not, change it so that it becomes

wellformed, making as little changes as possible.

2. Write a DTD for this XML document such that the corrected version of the example is

a valid XML document, taking into account that the attribute

cover

is optional with

values “soft” or “hard”.

Answer 1

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!-- file name: library.xml -->
<!DOCTYPE library [
<!ELEMENT library (book+)>
<!ELEMENT book (title,author+,year,price,pages?,description?)>
<!ELEMENT title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT author (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT year (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT price (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT pages (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT description (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST book category CDATA >
<!ATTLIST title lang CDATA >
<!ATTLIST price cover (soft|hard) #IMPLIED >
]>

<library>

<book category="COOKING">

<title lang="en">My Kitchen Year</title>

<author>Ruth Reichl</author>

<year>2015</year>

<price>35.00</price>

<pages>352</pages>

</book>

<book category="CHILDREN">

<title lang="en">Harry Potter</title>

<author>J. K. Rowling</author>

<year>2005</year>

<price cover="soft">29.99</price>

</book>

<book category="XML">

<title lang="en">XQuery Kick Start</title>

<author>Brian Benz</author>

<author> John Durant</author>

<year>2003</year>

<price cover="hard">149.99</price>

<pages>984</pages>

</book>

<book category="XML">

<title lang="en">XML Primer</title>

<author> Nicholas Chase</author>

<year>2002</year>

<price>39.95</price>

<pages>1024</pages>

<description> I highly recommend this book. It's a

<emphasis> good intro book to XML </emphasis>, which

is what it's intended to be.</description>

</book>

</library>