Question

Write a complete note with a clear explanations giving examples using figure or drawing about each item below:

1. Robot Safety
2. Industrial robots
3. DOF Workenvelop-workcell
4. Robot Components
5. Robot configurations
6. Robot classifications
7. Robot programming
8. Robot applications
9. Direct kinematics & Inverse kinematics
10. path planning

Answer 1

Robot Safety:

As industrial robots continue to become more advanced, more capable and more popular on the international stage, the need for comprehensive robot safety standards increases exponentially.

Robots can be dangerous to operate – especially when safety protocols aren’t followed. While standards for operation are important, safety standards have a far larger impact than safe operation of industrial robots.

Some common standards organizations include:

• American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
• International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
• International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)

Industrial Robot:

An i​​​​ndustrial robot is a robot system used for manufacturing. Industrial robots are automated, programmable and capable of movement on three or more axis.

Typical applications of robots include welding, painting, assembly, disassembly, pick and place for printed circuit boards, packaging and labeling, palletizing, product inspection, and testing; all accomplished with high endurance, speed, and precision. They can assist in material handling.

In the year 2015, an estimated 1.64 million industrial robots were in operation worldwide according to International Federation of Robotics (IFR).

A set of 6 axis robot used for welding.

DOF Workenvelop - Workcell:

A robot's work envelope is its range of movement. It is the shape created when a manipulator reaches forward, backward, up and down. These distances are determined by the length of a robot's arm and the design of its axes. Each axis contributes its own range of motion.

A robot can only perform within the confines of this work envelope. Still, many of the robots are designed with considerable flexibility. Some have the ability to reach behind themselves. Gantry robots defy traditional constraints of work envelopes. They move along track systems to create large work spaces.

Robot Components:

There can be a number of components as the complexity increases. But there are 5 main components of each robots which are:

• Manipulators
• Endeffectors
• Locomotion Device
• Controllers
• Sensors