Consider a Markov chain with transition probabilities p(x, y), with state space S = {1, 2, . . . , 10}, and assume X0 = 3. Express the conditional probability
P3(X6 =7, X5 =3 | X4 =1, X9 =3) entirely in terms of (if necessary, multi-step) transition probabilities.
Consider a Markov chain with transition probabilities p(x, y), with state space S = {1, 2,...
Consider the Markov chain X0,X1,X2,... on the state space S = {0,1} with transition matrix P= (a) Show that the process defined by the pair Zn := (Xn−1,Xn), n ≥ 1, is a Markov chain on the state space consisting of four (pair) states: (0,0),(0,1),(1,0),(1,1). (b) Determine the transition probability matrix for the process Zn, n ≥ 1.
Consider a Markov chain with state space S = {1,2,3,4} and transition matrix P = where (a) Draw a directed graph that represents the transition matrix for this Markov chain. (b) Compute the following probabilities: P(starting from state 1, the process reaches state 3 in exactly three-time steps); P(starting from state 1, the process reaches state 3 in exactly four-time steps); P(starting from state 1, the process reaches states higher than state 1 in exactly two-time steps). (c) If the...
1. A Markov chain {X,,n0 with state space S0,1,2 has transition probability matrix 0.1 0.3 0.6 P=10.5 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.4 If P(X0-0)-P(X0-1) evaluate P[X2< X4]. 0.4 and P 0-2) 0.2. find the distribution of X2 and
Consider a Markov chain with state space S = {1, 2, 3, 4} and transition matrix P= where (a) Draw a directed graph that represents the transition matrix for this Markov chain. (b) Compute the following probabilities: P(starting from state 1, the process reaches state 3 in exactly three time steps); P(starting from state 1, the process reaches state 3 in exactly four time steps); P(starting from state 1, the process reaches states higher than state 1 in exactly two...
5. Let (Xn)n be a Markov chain on a state space S with n-step transition probabilities PTy = P(X,= y|Xo = x). Define (n) N x Xn=r n0 and U(G,) ΣΡ. n0 Show that (a) U(x, y)ENy|Xo= x] and (b) U(a, y) P(T, < +o0|X0= x)U(y, y), where Ty = inf {n 2 0 : X y}.
Consider the Markov chain with state space S = {0,1,2,...} and transition probabilities I p, j=i+1 pſi,j) = { q, j=0 10, otherwise where p,q> 0 and p+q = 1.1 This example was discussed in class a few lectures ago; it counts the lengths of runs of heads in a sequence of independent coin tosses. 1) Show that the chain is irreducible.2 2) Find P.(To =n) for n=1,2,...3 What is the name of this distribution? 3) Is the chain recurrent?...
Suppose that {Xn} is a Markov chain with state space S = {1, 2}, transition matrix (1/5 4/5 2/5 3/5), and initial distribution P (X0 = 1) = 3/4 and P (X0 = 2) = 1/4. Compute the following: (a) P(X3 =1|X1 =2) (b) P(X3 =1|X2 =1,X1 =1,X0 =2) (c) P(X2 =2) (d) P(X0 =1,X2 =1) (15 points) Suppose that {Xn} is a Markov chain with state space S = 1,2), transition matrix and initial distribution P(X0-1-3/4 and P(Xo,-2-1/4. Compute...
A Markov chain {Xn, n ≥ 0} with state space S = {0, 1, 2} has transition probability matrix 0.1 0.3 0.6 p = 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.4 If P(X0 = 0) = P(X0 = 1) = 0.4 and P(X0 = 2) = 0.2, find the distribution of X2 and evaluate P[X2 < X4].
Suppose Xn is a Markov chain on the state space S with transition probability p. Let Yn be an independent copy of the Markov chain with transition probability p, and define Zn := (Xn, Yn). a) Prove that Zn is a Markov chain on the state space S_hat := S × S with transition probability p_hat : S_hat × S_hat → [0, 1] given by p_hat((x1, y1), (x2, y2)) := p(x1, x2)p(y1, y2). b) Prove that if π is a...
Problem 3.3 (10 points) Consider a two-state continuous time Markov chain with state space 11,2) and transition function (a) Find P(X-21 Xo = 1]. (b) Find P[X5 1, X2 2 X1-1] Problem 3.3 (10 points) Consider a two-state continuous time Markov chain with state space 11,2) and transition function (a) Find P(X-21 Xo = 1]. (b) Find P[X5 1, X2 2 X1-1]