Enthalpically-favored, Entropically-unfavored Chemical Reaction Consider the chemical reaction A+B C+D, going in the indicated direction....
Enthalpically-favored, Entropically-unfavored Chemical Reaction Consider the chemical reaction A+B C+D, going in the indicated direction. Assume that it takes place under conditions of both constant temperature and constant pressure, and that the entropy of the products is less than the entropy of the reactants and the enthalpy of the products is less than the enthalpy of the reactants. (That is, both ΔS and ΔH are negative when the reaction goes in the indicated direction.) Answer the following question and explain your reasoning. This reaction: a. Will go spontaneously at all temperatures b. Cannot go spontaneously at any temperature c. Can go spontaneously at high temperatures but not low temperatures d. Can go spontaneously at low temperatures but not high temperatures e. None of the above
give details to your explanation.
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Enthalpically-favored, Entropically-unfavored Chemical Reaction
Consider the chemical reaction A+B C+D, going in the indicated
direction....
Many times in Organic chemistry, two competing products are observed in a chemical reaction. The favored...
Many times in Organic chemistry, two competing products are observed in a chemical reaction. The favored product is a result of the reaction being under Thermodynamic or under Kinetic control. Which of the following are characteristic properties of a reaction under Thermodynamic control? a. An endergonic reaction in which the products are less stable than the reactants. b. A reaction where the two products can be easily interconverted in a reversible process. c. A reaction where the product that is...
Chemical energy is released or absorbed from reactions in various forms. The most easily measurable form...
Chemical energy is released or absorbed from reactions in various forms. The most easily measurable form of energy comes in the form of heat, or enthalpy. The enthalpy of a reaction can be calculated from the heats of formation of the substances involved in the reaction: ΔH∘rxn=ΔH∘f(products)−ΔH∘f(reactants) Entropy change, ΔS∘, is a measure of the number of energetically equivalent microstates introduced into the system during the reaction. The degree of spontaneity of a reaction is represented by the Gibbs free...
Chemical energy is released or absorbed from reactions in various forms. The most easily measurable form of energy comes...
Chemical energy is released or absorbed from reactions in various forms. The most easily measurable form of energy comes in the form of heat, or enthalpy. The enthalpy of a reaction can be calculated from the heats of formation of the substances involved in the reaction: ΔH∘rxn=ΔH∘f(products)−ΔH∘f(reactants) Entropy change, ΔS∘, is a measure of the number of energetically equivalent microstates introduced into the system during the reaction. The degree of spontaneity of a reaction is represented by the Gibbs free...
Consider the balanced chemical equation shown below: Co(s) + BrO-(aq) + H2O(l) → Br-(aq) + Co2+(aq)...
Consider the balanced chemical equation shown below: Co(s) + BrO-(aq) + H2O(l) → Br-(aq) + Co2+(aq) + 2 OH-(aq) ΔH°rxn = -259.87 kJ/mol Which of the following statements must be true about this chemical reaction? Circle all that apply. A. The reaction is fast. B. The reaction is product-favored. C. The entropy change for this reaction is positive. D. Increasing the temp will drive the reaction towards the products. E. The reaction is endothermic. F. The reaction is spontaneous. G....
A reaction that has a positive AH and a positive AS will be spontaneous at high...
A reaction that has a positive AH and a positive AS will be spontaneous at high temperatures spontaneous at low temperatures spontaneous at all temperatures nonspontaneous at all temperatures QUESTION 6 Which of the following statements is FALSE? Keg for a reaction written in reverse is the reciprocal of the key for the forward reaction A reaction quotient (Q) larger than Keq means that the reaction will shift toward reactants Chemical equilibrium indicates that reactants and products are present in...
barrier? Can lowering the activation energy make a reaction go in either direction spontaneously? What if...
barrier? Can lowering the activation energy make a reaction go in either direction spontaneously? What if the concentrations of products and reactants were altered, making the reverse reaction a thermodynamically favored reaction. Could the enzyme function to speed up the reverse reaction in those circumstances?
A certain reaction has positive values for both ΔH and ΔS. Therefore, the reaction a. can be spontaneous if...
A certain reaction has positive values for both ΔH and ΔS. Therefore, the reaction a. can be spontaneous if the temperature is low enough. b. Cannot be spontaneous at any temperature. c. must be spontaneous at all temperatures. d. can be spontaneous if the temperature is high enough. e. has a positive free energy at any temperature.
Question 1 Prior to 1886, Aluminum was rarer and more expensive than gold! It was in 1886, that brother and sister Charles Martin Hall and Julia Brainerd Hall discovered the electrolytic proc...
Question 1 Prior to 1886, Aluminum was rarer and more expensive than gold! It was in 1886, that brother and sister Charles Martin Hall and Julia Brainerd Hall discovered the electrolytic process that separated Aluminum from Aluminum Oxide ore. Today, over 41 million tons are processed for use in everything from beer cans to aircraft skins. a) How many coulombs of electricity must pass through the cell to produce 40.0 g of Aluminum (26.981539 g/mol)Fm an Ala(Soy), cap solution "....
Chemical energy stored in the reactants is released as heat when the reaction is exothermic. For...
Chemical energy stored in the reactants is released as heat when the reaction is exothermic. For an exothermic reaction, the enthalpy change for a reaction is negative. Enthalpy, represented as H, is the heat content of a system. As it is a state function, it depends on the state of the system; hence, it is calculated in the form of change in heat content. Heat change, or enthalpy change, is represented as ΔH; ΔH is a measure of the heat...
The Temperature Dependence of Chemical Equilibrium For an equilibrium reaction: A + B C + D...
The Temperature Dependence of Chemical Equilibrium
For an equilibrium reaction:
A + B
C + D
Given the above relationship, use the graph to identify which of
the following statements are "true" or "false" in this specific
case.
All statements refer to the forward reaction (proceeding left to
right, as given) corresponding to the equilibrium constant K.
1)The reaction is spontaneous at the highest temperatures but
not at lower temperatures.
2)deltaS° for the reaction is negative.
3)deltaG° is negative at...
Many times in Organic chemistry, two competing products are observed in a chemical reaction. The favored product is a result of the reaction being under Thermodynamic or under Kinetic control. Which of the following are characteristic properties of a reaction under Thermodynamic control? a. An endergonic reaction in which the products are less stable than the reactants. b. A reaction where the two products can be easily interconverted in a reversible process. c. A reaction where the product that is...
A reaction that has a positive AH and a positive AS will be spontaneous at high temperatures spontaneous at low temperatures spontaneous at all temperatures nonspontaneous at all temperatures QUESTION 6 Which of the following statements is FALSE? Keg for a reaction written in reverse is the reciprocal of the key for the forward reaction A reaction quotient (Q) larger than Keq means that the reaction will shift toward reactants Chemical equilibrium indicates that reactants and products are present in...
barrier? Can lowering the activation energy make a reaction go in either direction spontaneously? What if the concentrations of products and reactants were altered, making the reverse reaction a thermodynamically favored reaction. Could the enzyme function to speed up the reverse reaction in those circumstances?
Question 1 Prior to 1886, Aluminum was rarer and more expensive than gold! It was in 1886, that brother and sister Charles Martin Hall and Julia Brainerd Hall discovered the electrolytic process that separated Aluminum from Aluminum Oxide ore. Today, over 41 million tons are processed for use in everything from beer cans to aircraft skins. a) How many coulombs of electricity must pass through the cell to produce 40.0 g of Aluminum (26.981539 g/mol)Fm an Ala(Soy), cap solution "....
The Temperature Dependence of Chemical Equilibrium
For an equilibrium reaction:
A + B
C + D
Given the above relationship, use the graph to identify which of
the following statements are "true" or "false" in this specific
case.
All statements refer to the forward reaction (proceeding left to
right, as given) corresponding to the equilibrium constant K.
1)The reaction is spontaneous at the highest temperatures but
not at lower temperatures.
2)deltaS° for the reaction is negative.
3)deltaG° is negative at...
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