Question

part 1: Why does Rachels believe the Cultural Difference Argument is "unsound"?

a. because it leaves out the existence of an objective moral law

b. because it implies that murder is morally acceptable

c. because it doesn't explain how cultures decide on which morals to accept

d. because differences in belief about something do not imply that there is no objective truth of the matter

part 2:Which of the following is not one of the consequences of taking relativism seriously?

a. We could decide whether actions are right or wrong just by consulting the standards of our society.

b. We could no longer say that the customs of other societies are morally inferior to our own.

c. the idea of moral progress is called into doubt.

d. We would not be able to tolerate anyone with whom we disagree.

part 3: James Rachels maintains that...

a. that every single moral disagreement is actually just a misunderstanding

b. there is less moral disagreement than it seems

c. that eating cows is absolutely morally wrong

d. that moral difference leads inevitably to moral relativism

part 4: Which of the following values does Rachels believe all cultures have in common?

a. piety

b. honoring one's ancestors

c. the obligation to pursue happiness

d. telling the truth

Answer 1

Part 1 - (d) because differences in belief about something do not imply that there is no objective truth of the matter.

Part 2 - (d) we would not be able to tolerate anyone with whom we disagree.

Part 3 - (b) there is less moral disagreement than it seems.

Part 4 - (d) telling the truth