A HClO / NaClO buffer system is to be constructed that is also 0.042 M in Co2+. What is the minimum [HClO] / [ClO-] that must be maintained to keep a precipitate of cobalt(II) hydroxide from forming?
minimum [HClO] / [ClO-]= ___?___ / 1
Sol . As For Cobalt (II) hydroxide ( Co(OH)2 ) ,
Co(OH)2 <----> Co2+ + 2OH-
So , Ksp = [Co2+] [OH-]2
As Ksp = 3.3 × 10-16 and [Co2+] = 0.042 M
So , 3.3 × 10-16 = 0.042 × [OH]2
and , [OH-] = ( 78.5714 × 10-16 )1/2 = 8.8640 × 10-8 M
Also , pOH = - log[OH-] = - log ( 8.8640 × 10-8 ) = 7.05
Therefore , pH of buffer = 14 - pOH = 14 - 7.05 = 6.95
Now , pKa of HClO/NaClO buffer = 7.46
So , Using Henderson - Hasselbalch equation ,
pH = pKa + log ( [NaClO] / [HClO] )
6.95 = 7.46 + log ( [NaClO] / [HClO] )
log ( [NaClO] / [HClO] ) = - 0.51
So , [NaClO] / [HClO] = 10-0.51 = 0.3090
and , [HClO] / [NaClO] = [HClO] / [ClO-] = 1 / 0.3090 = 3.2362
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