Question

I need help implementing class string functions, any help would be appreciated, also any comments throughout would also be extremely helpful.

Time.cpp file -

#include "Time.h"
#include <new>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>

// The class name is Time. This defines a class for keeping time in hours, minutes, and AM/PM indicator.
// You should create 3 private member variables for this class. An integer variable for the hours,
// an integer variable for the minutes, and a char variable for the AM/PM indicator. The hours variable
// must use dynamic memory allocation. The hours range from 1 to 12, the minutes range from 0 to 59,
// and the AM / PM indicator is either 'A' or 'P'.

// Create a default constructor that will initialize the time of an object to 12:00 AM.
// Use the initializer list for at least one of the variables.
Time::Time() : minutes(0), AM_PM('A')
{
   hours = new int;
   *hours = 12;
}
// Create a constructor with 3 input parameters. The input parameters are an int for the
// hours, an int for the minutes, and a char for the AM indicator. The input paramters must be
// boundary checked. The hours range from 1 to 12. If the input is out of range then default
// to 12. The minutes are from 0 to 59. If the minutes are out of range then default to 0.
// The AM indicator is either 'A' or 'P'. If the AM indicator is out of range then default to 'A'.
// You should use the setTime() public function for this constructor.
Time::Time(int h, int m, char AP)
{
   hours = new int;
   setTime(h, m, AP);
}
// Copy constructor implementation
// The copy constructor must use the initializer list for at least one member variable
// The copy constructor will copy the values of all member functions from the input
// object without creating any shallow copies

// Implement the destructor for this class
Time::~Time()
{
   delete hours;
}
// Implement the getHours() public member function.
// This function has no input parameters.
// This function is a const function.
// This function returns an int as the hours of the object.
int Time::getHours() const
{
   return *hours;
}
// Implement the getMinutes() public member function.
// This function has no input parameters.
// This function is a const function.
// This function returns an int as the minutes of the object.
int Time::getMinutes() const
{
   return minutes;
}
// Implement the getAMPM() public member function.
// This function has no input parameters.
// This function is a const function.
// This function returns a char as the AM or PM of the object.
char Time::getAMPM() const
{
   return AM_PM;
}
// Implement the set() private member function.
// This function has 3 input input parameters.
// This function returns a void.
// The input parameters are an int for the
// hours, an int for the minutes, and a char for the AM indicator. The input paramters must be
// boundary checked. The hours range from 1 to 12. If the input is out of range then default
// to 12. The minutes are from 0 to 59. If the minutes are out of range then default to 0.
// The AM indicator is either 'A' or 'P'. If the AM indicator is out of range then default to 'A'.
void Time::setTime(int h, int m, char AP)
{
   if (h >= 1 && h <= 12)
   {
       *hours = h;
   }
   else
   {
       *hours = 12;
   }
   if (m >= 0 && m <= 59)
   {
       minutes = m;
   }
   else
   {
       minutes = 0;
   }
   if (AP == 'A' || AP == 'P')
   {
       AM_PM = AP;
   }
   else
   {
       AM_PM = 'A';
   }
}
// Implement the friend function getTimeString().
// The getTimeString() has 1 input parameter.
// The first input paramenter is a const reference variable of type Time.
// This function returns a std::string type.
// This function will return the time of the first input paramenter object
// in string format as follows: hours:minutes AM
// You cannot use the getHours(), getMinutes(), or getAMPM() member functions for this function.
// There must be a leading zero for hours and minutes if there is a single digit.
// Example 5 hours, 23 minutes and PM will be formatted as follows "05:23 PM"
// Example 4 hours, 4 minutes and AM will be formatted as follows "04:04 AM"

// The non-member (and non-friend) function countZeros() has 4 input parameters.
// The first input parameter h is an integer and represents the hours for the time.
// The second input parameter m is an integer and represents the minutes for the time.
// The third input parameter AP is a char and represents the AM or PM (either 'A' or 'P').
// The fourth input parameter zeroCount is an integer reference variable.
// The function countZeros should create a Time object using the first 3 input parameters.
// Then the function countZeros will use the getTimeString function to get the character
// string of the time that was created. Then the function countZeros will count the number
// of '0' (zero) characters that are in the character string. The count is saved in the
// reference variable zeroCount. The countZeros function prototype will be placed in the
// Time.h file and is a non-member function and is not a friend function.

Time.h File -

#ifndef TIME_H

#define TIME_H

#include <string>

#include <iostream>

// the Time type

class Time

{

public:

// Constructors

Time();

Time(int hours, int minutes, char AM_PM);

// Destructor

~Time();

// accessors

int getHours() const;

int getMinutes() const;

char getAMPM() const;

// mutators

void setTime(int hours, int minutes, char AM_PM);

private:

// member variables

int *hours;

int minutes;

char AM_PM;

};

#endif

Answer 1

// Time.h

#ifndef TIME_H

#define TIME_H

#include <string>

#include <iostream>

// the Time type

class Time

{

public:

               // Constructors

               Time();

               Time(int hours, int minutes, char AM_PM);

               Time(const Time &time);

               // Destructor

               ~Time();

               // accessors

               int getHours() const;

               int getMinutes() const;

               char getAMPM() const;

               // mutators

               void setTime(int hours, int minutes, char AM_PM);

               friend std::string getTimeString(const Time &time);

private:

               // member variables

               int *hours;

               int minutes;

               char AM_PM;

};

void countZeros(int h, int m, char AP,int &zeroCount);

#endif

//end of Time.h

// Time.cpp

#include "Time.h"

#include <new>

#include <string>

#include <iostream>

// The class name is Time. This defines a class for keeping time in hours, minutes, and AM/PM indicator.

// You should create 3 private member variables for this class. An integer variable for the hours,

// an integer variable for the minutes, and a char variable for the AM/PM indicator. The hours variable

// must use dynamic memory allocation. The hours range from 1 to 12, the minutes range from 0 to 59,

// and the AM / PM indicator is either 'A' or 'P'.

// Create a default constructor that will initialize the time of an object to 12:00 AM.

// Use the initializer list for at least one of the variables.

Time::Time() : minutes(0), AM_PM('A')

{

   hours = new int;

   *hours = 12;

}

// Create a constructor with 3 input parameters. The input parameters are an int for the

// hours, an int for the minutes, and a char for the AM indicator. The input paramters must be

// boundary checked. The hours range from 1 to 12. If the input is out of range then default

// to 12. The minutes are from 0 to 59. If the minutes are out of range then default to 0.

// The AM indicator is either 'A' or 'P'. If the AM indicator is out of range then default to 'A'.

// You should use the setTime() public function for this constructor.

Time::Time(int h, int m, char AP)

{

   hours = new int;

   setTime(h,m,AP);

}

// Copy constructor implementation

// The copy constructor must use the initializer list for at least one member variable

// The copy constructor will copy the values of all member functions from the input

// object without creating any shallow copies

Time::Time(const Time &time) : minutes(time.minutes), AM_PM(time.AM_PM)

{

               hours = new int;

               *hours = *(time.hours);

}

// Implement the destructor for this class

Time::~Time()

{

   delete hours;

}

// Implement the getHours() public member function.

// This function has no input parameters.

// This function is a const function.

// This function returns an int as the hours of the object.

int Time::getHours() const

{

   return *hours;

}

// Implement the getMinutes() public member function.

// This function has no input parameters.

// This function is a const function.

// This function returns an int as the minutes of the object.

int Time::getMinutes() const

{

   return minutes;

}

// Implement the getAMPM() public member function.

// This function has no input parameters.

// This function is a const function.

// This function returns a char as the AM or PM of the object.

char Time::getAMPM() const

{

   return AM_PM;

}

// Implement the set() private member function.

// This function has 3 input input parameters.

// This function returns a void.

// The input parameters are an int for the

// hours, an int for the minutes, and a char for the AM indicator. The input paramters must be

// boundary checked. The hours range from 1 to 12. If the input is out of range then default

// to 12. The minutes are from 0 to 59. If the minutes are out of range then default to 0.

// The AM indicator is either 'A' or 'P'. If the AM indicator is out of range then default to 'A'.

void Time::setTime(int h, int m, char AP)

{

               if (h >= 1 && h <= 12)

                  {

                      *hours = h;

                  }

                  else

                  {

                      *hours = 12;

                  }

                  if (m >= 0 && m <= 59)

                  {

                      minutes = m;

                  }

                  else

                  {

                      minutes = 0;

                  }

                  if (AP == 'A' || AP == 'P')

                  {

                      AM_PM = AP;

                  }

                  else

                  {

                      AM_PM = 'A';

                  }

}

// Implement the friend function getTimeString().

// The getTimeString() has 1 input parameter.

// The first input paramenter is a const reference variable of type Time.

// This function returns a std::string type.

// This function will return the time of the first input paramenter object

// in string format as follows: hours:minutes AM

// You cannot use the getHours(), getMinutes(), or getAMPM() member functions for this function.

// There must be a leading zero for hours and minutes if there is a single digit.

// Example 5 hours, 23 minutes and PM will be formatted as follows "05:23 PM"

// Example 4 hours, 4 minutes and AM will be formatted as follows "04:04 AM"

std::string getTimeString(const Time &time)

{

               std::string timeString = "";

               if(*(time.hours) < 10) // check if hours < 0, then prepend a 0

                              timeString += '0';

               timeString += std::to_string(*(time.hours)) + ":"; // to_string(int) converts integer value to string

               if(time.minutes < 10) // check if minutes < 0, then prepend a 0

                              timeString += '0';

               timeString += std::to_string(time.minutes) + " "+time.AM_PM+"M";

               return timeString;

}

// The non-member (and non-friend) function countZeros() has 4 input parameters.

// The first input parameter h is an integer and represents the hours for the time.

// The second input parameter m is an integer and represents the minutes for the time.

// The third input parameter AP is a char and represents the AM or PM (either 'A' or 'P').

// The fourth input parameter zeroCount is an integer reference variable.

// The function countZeros should create a Time object using the first 3 input parameters.

// Then the function countZeros will use the getTimeString function to get the character

// string of the time that was created. Then the function countZeros will count the number

// of '0' (zero) characters that are in the character string. The count is saved in the

// reference variable zeroCount. The countZeros function prototype will be placed in the

// Time.h file and is a non-member function and is not a friend function.

void countZeros(int h, int m, char AP,int &zeroCount)

{

               Time t(h,m,AP);

               std::string timeString = getTimeString(t); // get the time string

               // loop over the string

               for(size_t i=0;i<timeString.length();i++)

               {

                              if(timeString.at(i) == '0') // if the char at ith index is 0, increment zeroCount

                                             zeroCount++;

               }

}

//end of Time.cpp

// main.cpp : C++ program to test the Time class

#include "Time.h"

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

               Time t1, t2(5,23,'P'),t3(t2),t4(4,4,'A');

               cout<<"Time 1 : "<<getTimeString(t1)<<endl;

               cout<<"Time 2 : "<<getTimeString(t2)<<endl;

               cout<<"Time 3 : "<<getTimeString(t3)<<endl;

               cout<<"Time 4 : "<<getTimeString(t4)<<endl;

               int zeroCount = 0;

               countZeros(t4.getHours(),t4.getMinutes(),t4.getAMPM(),zeroCount);

               cout<<"Zeros count in Time 4 : "<<zeroCount<<endl;

               return 0;

}

//end of program

Output: