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According to Say's law production creates demand.Production of a commodity creates demand for another commodity by making a product which can be exchanged for the other product.In simple language supply creates its demand.
According to Classical economists interest rate , prices and wages should be flexible.They believe that price in the market will adjust to demand and supply.The market being self regulatory intervention is not required and the forces of demand and supply determine prices.
Three states of the economy are firstly,Real GDP is less than natural GDP and there is recessionary gap in the economy.Secondly Real GDP is more than natural GDP and there is inflationary gap in the economy. Thirdly real GDP is equal to natural GDP and there is long run equilibrium in the economy.
In a recessionary gap there is shortage of production.
A recessionary gap is a state of the economy operating below full employment level and the gap closes down when wages return to equilibrium ie quantity demanded of labor is equal to quantity supplied.
A recessionary gap refers to a situation when actual GDP is less than potential GDP .An inflationary gap refers o a situation when actual GDP is more than potential GDP and long run equilibrium refers to a situation when actual GDP is equal to potential GDP.
Physical PPF shows different combinations of goods society can produce with certain constraints like finite resources and level of technology which is not advanced .Institutional PPF means the different combination of goods that society can produce with finite resources,technology which is not advanced and minimum wages.
Institutional PPF is close to the origin because they are not always equally effective like inflation which may reduce real minimum wage.
Wages play an important role in self regulating economy and can close recessionary gap and inflationary gap.During recessionary gap real GDP is less than natural real GDP and at the same time unemployment rate is more than natural unemployment rate and so wage rates may fall.
Laissez faire means no government intervention and the economy is strong when the government only protects the rights of individuals and do not interfere in the functioning of the market and allows the market to do its own thing.
9.What is Say’s Law and what do classical economists say about prices, wages, and interest rates?...
What is the classical economics position with respect to (a) wages, (b) prices, and (c) interest rates? What does it mean to say that the economy is in a recessionary gap? In an inflationary gap? In long-run equilibrium? What is the state of the labor market in (a) a recessionary gap, (b) an inflationary gap, (c) long-run equilibrium?
1.How does Keynes differ in his view on Say’s Law from the classical economists? 2.What is the difference between an open economy and a closed economy? 3.True or False Consumption is the smallest part of TE. 4.Our economy is at a decrease of $400 billion dollars from our natural real GDP. What is the state of the economy? What does Keynesian economist believe should be done? The government increases its spending $70 billion dollars. At the same time, consumption decreases...
B,c,d,e please solve Suppose in the economy autonomous consumption - $100, autonomous investmen $120, government purchases G-$400 lump-sum taxes = $70, transfers Tr-$20, exports Er $150 autonomous imports im = $30, marginal propensity to consume mpc = 0.8, proportional income tax rate 1-20%, marginal propensity to invest mpi-0.1, and marginal propensity to imports mpm-0.4 (a) For this economy calculate (i) the amount of autonomous spending: (ii) the value of the spending multiplier; (iii) the equilibrium level of output; (iv) the...
1. Suppose in a simple closed economy with MPC = 0.75, the planned investment spending nas suddenly fallen, reducing AD and output to a level that below the natural level of output by 100 Million. Assume that the real interest rate is constant so that there is no crowding out of (gross) investment. (a) If the government decided to try to get the output back to the natural level of output using only a change in government spending (AG), by...
3. You are given the following information about the economy: autonomous consumption = $300 billion planned investment = $300 billion government spending = $500 billion mpc = .8 imports = $200 billion exports = $500 billion a. Using the values above, what is the equation for the consumption function? b. Using the values above, what is the income/spending multiplier? c. What is the value of Net Exports? d. Is there a trade surplus or deficit? Of how much?...
1. Suppose that the intersection of the AD curve and the SRAS curve lies to the right of the LRAS curve. The Keynesian prescription to resolve this problem would be ___________________ since the economy is _______________________. a.a decrease in government expenditures, in an inflationary gap b.an increase in taxes, in an inflationary gap c.a decrease in taxes, in a recessionary gap d.to do nothing, believed to be self-regulating e.a or b 2. Exhibit 11-1 Taxable Income Income Taxes $0 -...
Please just help spent the semester in the hospital and apparently have to do an assignment.. 11. Government spending and taxation changes that cause fiscal policy to be expansionary when the economy contracts and contractionary when the economy expands are known as: A) discretionary fiscal policy. B) automatic stabilizers. autonomous spending policies. destabilizing fiscal policies. 12. 4) The government budget balance equals: taxes plus government purchases plus government transfers. taxes minus government purchases minus government transfers. taxes minus government purchases...
Question 1 (20 marks) The recent global outbreak of Covid-19 has major economic consequences. Using the AS-AD model, show what will be short-term impact of this crisis on the AIRLINE INDUSTRY Discuss some reasons why this impact may happen. b. Bank of Canada has already taken Fiscal and Monetary policy measures to stabilize the economy during the time of this outbreak. What actions has it take in terms of Fiscal Policy? In terms of Monetary Policy? (Provide specific details, Use...
Among the most important problems of implementing fiscal policy include all except which of the following? Correctly timing the desired fiscal stimulus, given the inevitable lags and forecasting errors Determining how large a stimulus to apply Assessing when policy actions should be reversed Determining how long a time lag to apply If the central bank does not use accommodating monetary policy, a fiscal stimulus is likely to increase interest rates, which in turn, will cause planned investment to decrease. What...
Amount -12 69 20 34 Item Change in Private Inventories (CI) Compensation of Employees--Wages (W) Consumption of Fixed Capital--Depreciation (DEPR) Government Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment (G) Gross Private Domestic Fixed Investment (FI) Interest (INT) Net Exports (XN) Net Foreign Factor Income (NFFI) Personal Consumption Expenditures (C) Profits (PROF) Proprietors’ Income (PRIN) Purchases of Stocks and Bonds (SB) Rents (RENT) Statistical Discrepancy (SD) Stock of Capital at End of Year (SK) Taxes on Production and Income (TAX) 100 700 6...