Question

How can we link Lewis acid and base properties to the main group elements?

Answer 1

Main group of elements contains s and p block elements. Means group number 1-2 and 13-18.

Since Lewis base are electron pair donors and should have filled orbital and atleas one electron  pair not involved in bonding.

Lewis acids are electron pair acceptor and should have empty orbital capable of accepting electron pair.

Most common Lewis bases are anions. Ex F^-, Cl^- etc

Most common Lewis acids are cations

Ex- H⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺ etc

Hence we know that can say that metals ions from the main group which forms cations and have full filled orbital, act as Lewis acid by accepting electron pair.

While non-metals anion acts as bases by donating electron pair to the cation.

Means main group forms both Lewis acid and Lewis Base.