Question

Gold Star Rice, Ltd., of Thailand exports Thai rice throughout Asia. The company grows three varieties of rice—White, Fragrant, and Loonzain. Budgeted sales by product and in total for the coming month are shown below:

	Product
	White					Fragrant					Loonzain					Total
Percentage of total sales		48	%				20	%				32	%				100	%
Sales	$	288,000		100	%	$	120,000		100	%	$	192,000		100	%	$	600,000		100	%
Variable expenses		86,400		30	%		96,000		80	%		105,600		55	%		288,000		48	%
Contribution margin	$	201,600		70	%	$	24,000		20	%	$	86,400		45	%		312,000		52	%
Fixed expenses																	224,120
Net operating income																$	87,880

Dollar sales to break-even	=	Fixed expenses	=	$224,120	= $431,000
		CM ratio		0.52

As shown by these data, net operating income is budgeted at $87,880 for the month and the estimated break-even sales is $431,000.

Assume that actual sales for the month total $600,000 as planned. Actual sales by product are: White, $192,000; Fragrant, $240,000; and Loonzain, $168,000.

Required:

1. Prepare a contribution format income statement for the month based on the actual sales data.

2. Compute the break-even point in dollar sales for the month based on your actual data.

Answer 1

	Product
	White		Fragrant		Loonzain		Total
Percentage of total sales	32%		40%		28%		100%
Sales	$192,000	100%	$240,000	100%	$168,000	100%	$600,000	100%
Variable expenses	$57,600	30%	$192,000	80%	$92,400	55%	$342,000	57%
Contribution margin	$134,400	70%	$48,000	20%	$75,600	45%	$258,000	43%
Fixed expenses							$224,120
Net operating income							$33,880

Dollar sales to break-even	=	Fixed expenses	=	$ 224,120	$ 521,209.30
		CM ratio		0.43

Explanation:

White:

% of total sales = White sales/Total sales = $ 192,000/$ 600,000 = 0.32 or 32 %

Variable expenses = White sales x 30 % = $ 192,000 x 0.3 = $ 57,600

CM = Sales – VC = $ 192,000 - $ 57,600 = $ 134,400

CM % = 100 % – 30 % = 70 %

Fragrant:

% of total sales = Fragrant sales/Total sales = $ 240,000/$ 600,000 = 0.4 or 40 %

Variable expenses = Fragrant x 80 % = $ 240,000 x 0.8 = $ 192,000

CM = Sales – VC = $ 240,000 - $ 192,000 = $ 48,000

CM % = 100 % – 80 % = 20 %

Loonzain:

% of total sales = Loonzain sales/Total sales = $ 168,000/$ 600,000 = 0.28 or 28 %

Variable expenses = Loonzain sales x 55 % = $ 168,000 x 0.55 = $ 92,400

CM = Sales – VC = $ 168,000 - $ 92,400 = $ 75,600

CM % = 100 % – 55 % = 45 %

Total Variable expenses = $ 57,600 + $ 192,600 + $ 92,400 = $ 342,000

Total Variable expenses in % = Total Variable expenses/Total sales = $ 342,000/$ 600,000 = 0.57 or 57 %

Total CM = Total sales - Total Variable expenses = $ 600,000 - $ 342,000 = $ 258,000

CM % = 100 % – 57 % = 43 %

Net operating income = Total contribution - Fixed expenses = $ 258,000 - $ 224,120 = $ 33,880