Question

The developmental theories of Erikson and Piaget agree that an important stage of development is learning to be less egocentric (i.e., less focused on oneself). For some, this process is sudden for others it is more gradual.

Briefly summarize how (that is, by what process) each of these two approaches to development explains this shift away from egocentricity or selfishness. (Hint: You should explain which skill or experiences each theory believes is responsible for this change.)

(250 words)

Answer 1

Erikson has given 8 stages of development , each of which is characterised by a central task and a conflict between between two core aspect related to developmental task. Succesfull resolution of conflict results development of positive personality traits(ego quality
As far as Egocentricism is considered, erikson 3rd stage talk about egocentric thinking. This stage falls in age group 3-6 years, and involves a conflict between initiative versus guilt. If child can successfully initiate the task, he develops purpose in life. However, her thinking is still egocentric where she is unable to take the perspective of other. However, in next stage(6-12), industry vs inferiority, child develops the ability to understand the perspective of other. This development comes due to education, succesfull learning of skills and begining of forming relation.

Piyaje have given 4 stage cognitive development of child.His 2nd stage is, called preoperational(2-7) years where child is characterised by egocentric thinking. With appropriate stimulation and experiences child begin to learn others perspectiv and child overcome egocentricity in next stage, concrete operational (7-12). Piyaje gave 3 mountain experiment to check egocentric thinking where 3 mountains with different tops were placed infront f table. Child was asked to take a round of table to get 360 view of mountains. then a doll was placed at opposite side and child was asked to identify in photograph the dolls view. When Egocentricity is overcomed child can tell dolls view and not her own view.