Question

1. Must router interfaces be assigned the first available host address in a range?

2. What makes subnetting with Class A and Class B addresses more difficult than subnetting with Class C addresses?

3. How can you tell if an IP address is a network or subnetwork number if you write out the address in binary?

4. How can you tell if an IP address is a broadcast address if you write out the address in binary?

Answer 1

1A)    In Every router interfaces can be divided into multiple hosts. In that, the host parts with all zeroes or all ones are used for the network and the broadcast address respectively. This is we are all know that, but router interface also have the specific host address in the given range of hosts per subnets. So, router interface be assigned with first host address of the hosts per subnet. For example :- I've been given a Class C address, let's say 192.10.20.0. Router is connected to switch and switch carrying 14 hosts. I need to select a mask to accommodate a greater number of hosts than this value of 14, plus a further 2 addresses for the Network and Broadcast addresses (all 0s and all 1s). So I need to use the last 4 bits (2^4=16), or a /28 mask. My network will be from 192.10.20.0 (Network Address of subnet 1) to 192.10.20.15 (Broadcast Address of subnet 1). I assigned the IPs from 192.10.20.1 to 192.10.20.14 (all 14 hosts have an individual IP). But for each host I also need to assign an address for gateway.

2A)

The Class A networking address scheme is designed for the government and large institutions needing a great deal of unique nodes.In class A and class B have more ip addresses so more difficult to subnetting ip addressess in both the classes.In class C have less ip addresses than compare to class A and class B.So class A and class B is more difficult to subnetting with class C addresses.

3A) If the given Ip address is network ip address. We can write the ip address in the binary format divided with octet. In class C the network Ip address can be represented with the all the host address will be "0" then you can tell ip address is a network ip address.

4A) if the given Ip address is a broadcast ip address. We can write the ip address in the binary format divided with octet. In class C the network Ip address can be represented with the all the host address will be "1" then you can tell the ip address is a broadcast ip address.