Question

Experiment:

In the experiment: Mix together 74 g. (92 ml.) of n-butyl alcohol and 120 g. (120 ml.) of glacial acetic acid in a 500 ml. round-bottomed flask, and add cautiously 10 ml. of concentrated sulphuric acid (use a small measuring cylinder or a burette or a calibrated dropper pipette). Attach a reflux condenser and reflux the mixture on a wire gauze for 3-6 hours. Pour the mixture into about 500 ml of water in a separatory funnel, remove the upper layer of crude ester, and wash it again with about 200 ml. of water, followed by about 50 ml. of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and 100ml. of water. The ester must, of course, be separated between each washing. Dry the crude ester with 5-8g of anhydrous sodium sulphate. Filter into a dry 250ml Round bottom flask add some boiling chips and distil from an air bath. Collect the pure n-butyl acetate at 124-125°. The yield is 80 g.

many other esters are also . used as fruit flavouring in the candy industry. A manufacturer requires a trial batch of 25g of ethyl hexanoate (bp 166 degrees Celsius ) for making. Your mission in this tutorial is to complete and understand al the necessary steps to plan a synthesis of ethyl hexanoate to produce this 25g.

Question 1:write a balanced equation for the synthesis of n-butyl acetate. In tabular form, give the MW for each compound, as well as calculating the moles and molar ratio of the reagents used, and the percent yield.

Question 2: given question 1, write a balanced equation of the reaction to prepare ethyl hexanoate . if the same percent yield is obtained here, and 25g of ester is needed, how many grams of theoretical yield are necessary? Also how many grams and moles of reagents should be used? How much sulfuric acid is needed?

Answer 1