Is the following schema a derived rule of our logic (that is, of logic 1 or 2)? A → B ⊢ A → (∀x)B...
Is the following schema a derived rule of our logic (that is, of logic 1 or 2)?
A → B ⊢ A → (∀x)B
- If you think that it is, then give a proof in our logic
- If you do not think so, then give a definitive reason as to why-for example, using a concrete interpretation, or by proving the invalid “strong generalization” using (2) as a lemma.
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Is the following schema a derived rule of our logic (that is, of logic 1 or 2)? A → B ⊢ A → (∀x)B...
7. [6 marks, 3 marks each] a) is the following schema a derived rule of our...
7. [6 marks, 3 marks each] a) is the following schema a derived rule of our logic? A + B + (x)A → B, provided x is not free in A • If yes, then give a proof If no, then give a definitive reason as to why by proving the invalid "strong generalization" using this schema as a lemma. [hint: need to show that A - (Vx)A b) Would your answer change in a) if to the left of...
Consider the schema R = (A, B, C, D, E) and let the following set F...
Consider the schema R = (A, B, C, D, E) and let the following set F of functional dependencies holdforR: F = {A -> BC, CD -> E, C -> A, B -> D,} 1) Prove or disprove ADE is in the closure of F. A proof can be made by using inference rules IR1 through IR3. A disproof should be done by showing a relational instance (counter example) that refutes the rule. 2) What are the candidate keys of...
A schema is like a set of instructions, right? As adults we use them all the...
A schema is like a set of instructions, right? As adults we use them all the time, and we don’t really notice we’re doing it. Switch on a light or make a sandwich and you are using a schema to do it - a mental model you’ve created through a process of trial and error to find the best and most efficient way of completing your task. Our schemas aren't always right. What's special about them is that they represent...
1. Formalize the following argument by using the given predicates and then rewriting the argument...
1. Formalize the following argument by using the given predicates and then rewriting the argument as a numbered sequence of statements. Identify each statement as either a premise, or a conclusion that follows according to a rule of inference from previous statements. In that case, state the rule of inference and refer by number to the previous statements that the rule of inference used.Lions hunt antelopes. Ramses is a lion. Ramses does not hunt Sylvester. Therefore, Sylvester is not an...
in C++ 1. Answer the following questions: a) 2 pts] Explain why it is important to...
in C++
1. Answer the following questions: a) 2 pts] Explain why it is important to indent code. What happens if code is not indented? b) 2 pts) Explain how you can prevent the unintended use of garbage values? c) (2 pts] Give one reason why you should use the keyword const when dealing with constant values. Make sure to explain what could happen if you fail to use this keyword. d) 2 pts) Give an example where simply declaring...
#2 1. (8 points) Evaluate the limit, without using L'Hôpital's Rule: x² – 2x - 3...
#2
1. (8 points) Evaluate the limit, without using L'Hôpital's Rule: x² – 2x - 3 lim 2+3 22 – 5x + 6 Note that 3 is a zero of the denominator polynomial, so you need to use the technique of Example 4.2.5(d) p. 113. 2. (8 points) In the previous problem, can L'Hôpital's Rule be applied? If so, evaluate the limit using L'Hôpital's Rule; if not, indicate how the limit expression does not satisfy the conditions required for L'Hôpital's...
2. Unlike on Earth-where electromagnetic forces dominate our lives--in space gravity is the dominant force. a....
2. Unlike on Earth-where electromagnetic forces dominate our lives--in space gravity is the dominant force. a. Compare the gravitational force between two electrons to their electric attraction. (Hint: Google Coulomb's Law, charge of an electron, and mass of an electron, and plug in the numbers.) The difference is massive-this is a fundamental truth about our universe. Calculate the mass of the electron necessary to make the gravitational attraction and electrical repulsion of two electrons equal. b. The only reason gravity...
1. how do you view the government or the public authorities and their roles? 2. In...
1. how do you view the government or the public authorities and their roles? 2. In your opinion, what kind of "rules" do we need to regulate people in their daily life, so that our world is not going to fall apart? Also, what kind of "rule" is too much? Give an example, if possible.
1. Let's explain the current distribution of hominins on planet earth A. Which hominin species are...
1. Let's explain the current distribution of hominins on planet earth A. Which hominin species are now alive? B. Please list their ancestors beginning about 4 million years ago 1. We define living taxonomic groups based on suites of shared derived features. But all creatures, living or extinct, have to fit into our phylogenetic classification systems. A. We discussed some derived features of hominins that set us apart from the other living great apes. What is the characteristic trait that...
Consider a database with the following schema. LIKES(drinker,beer); /* key: all columns */ FREQUENTS(drinker,pub); /* key:...
Consider a database with the following schema. LIKES(drinker,beer); /* key: all columns */ FREQUENTS(drinker,pub); /* key: all columns */ SERVES(pub,beer,cost); /* key: (pub,beer) */ Write the following queries in relational algebra. You can use the math notation (greek letters sigma, pi, etc.) or the ASCii "linear" notation I used in class. In order to make things more clear, please use intermediate results defined with the assignment notation in the algebra: R(a,b) := <rel-alg expression>. Try to give meaningful names for...
7. [6 marks, 3 marks each] a) is the following schema a derived rule of our logic? A + B + (x)A → B, provided x is not free in A • If yes, then give a proof If no, then give a definitive reason as to why by proving the invalid "strong generalization" using this schema as a lemma. [hint: need to show that A - (Vx)A b) Would your answer change in a) if to the left of...
1. Formalize the following argument by using the given predicates and then rewriting the argument as a numbered sequence of statements. Identify each statement as either a premise, or a conclusion that follows according to a rule of inference from previous statements. In that case, state the rule of inference and refer by number to the previous statements that the rule of inference used.Lions hunt antelopes. Ramses is a lion. Ramses does not hunt Sylvester. Therefore, Sylvester is not an...
in C++
1. Answer the following questions: a) 2 pts] Explain why it is important to indent code. What happens if code is not indented? b) 2 pts) Explain how you can prevent the unintended use of garbage values? c) (2 pts] Give one reason why you should use the keyword const when dealing with constant values. Make sure to explain what could happen if you fail to use this keyword. d) 2 pts) Give an example where simply declaring...
#2
1. (8 points) Evaluate the limit, without using L'Hôpital's Rule: x² – 2x - 3 lim 2+3 22 – 5x + 6 Note that 3 is a zero of the denominator polynomial, so you need to use the technique of Example 4.2.5(d) p. 113. 2. (8 points) In the previous problem, can L'Hôpital's Rule be applied? If so, evaluate the limit using L'Hôpital's Rule; if not, indicate how the limit expression does not satisfy the conditions required for L'Hôpital's...
2. Unlike on Earth-where electromagnetic forces dominate our lives--in space gravity is the dominant force. a. Compare the gravitational force between two electrons to their electric attraction. (Hint: Google Coulomb's Law, charge of an electron, and mass of an electron, and plug in the numbers.) The difference is massive-this is a fundamental truth about our universe. Calculate the mass of the electron necessary to make the gravitational attraction and electrical repulsion of two electrons equal. b. The only reason gravity...
1. Let's explain the current distribution of hominins on planet earth A. Which hominin species are now alive? B. Please list their ancestors beginning about 4 million years ago 1. We define living taxonomic groups based on suites of shared derived features. But all creatures, living or extinct, have to fit into our phylogenetic classification systems. A. We discussed some derived features of hominins that set us apart from the other living great apes. What is the characteristic trait that...
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