Question

Two isolated boxes A and B each have single-particle energy levels 0,✏, 2✏, 3✏, 4✏, . . .. Box A contains two particles with total energy 2✏, whilst box B contains three particles with total energy 3✏...

Two isolated boxes A and B each have single-particle energy levels 0,✏, 2✏, 3✏, 4✏, . . .. Box A contains two particles with total energy 2✏, whilst box B contains three particles with total energy 3✏. The particles are distinguishable and do not interact with each other.

(a) Determine the total number of microstates ⌦A and ⌦B accessible to each box separately and show that the total number of microstates accessible to them jointly is, ⌦ = 30. 8

(b) The boxes are now put into thermal contact so that energy (but not particles) can be exchanged between them. Show that the new number of microstates accessible to the system is, ⌦⇤ = 126 . 8

(c) Calculate the change in entropy of the system resulting from the thermal contact. 4

(d) What is the new average energy of each box?

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Two isolated boxes A and B each have single-particle energy levels 0,✏, 2✏, 3✏, 4✏, . . .. Box A contains two particles with total energy 2✏, whilst box B contains three particles with total energy 3✏...
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