Question

3. What lower-layer protocol encapsulates SNMP messages?

4. Because SNMP uses two different port numbers (UDP ports 161 and 162), a single system can easily run both a manager and an agent. What would happen if the same port number were used for both?

5. One of the first steps in configuring a device to be managed is to give it an IP address. Why?

6. What is the disadvantage of having the network management system operate at the application layer?

Answer 1

Answers of the questions as below:

3. What lower-layer protocol encapsulates SNMP messages?

Ans: L4 (UDP or TCP) + L3 (IP) + L2 (Ethernet)

5. One of the first steps in configuring a device to be managed is to give it an IP address. Why?

ANS:Following is the reason ,assigning IP address while configuring device is as soon as this device comes in network it should be reachable from the network.

6]Disadvantages of having NMS at application layer

Ans:Manager periodically polls the SNMP agents that reside on managed devices for the data, thereby enabling information to be displayed using a GUI on the NMS.

A disadvantage of periodic SNMP polling is the possible delay between when an event occurs and when it is collected by the NMS; there is a trade-off between polling frequency and bandwidth usage.

The agent collects data and stores it locally in the MIB, To access or set MIB variables, the user must specify the appropriate read or write community string; otherwise, access is denied.