Smoking remains more common in much of Europe than in the United
States. In the United States, there is a strong relationship
between education and smoking: well-educated people are less likely
to smoke. Does a similar relationship hold in France? Here is a
two-way table of the level of education and smoking status
(nonsmoker, former smoker, moderate smoker, heavy smoker) of a
sample of 462 French men aged 20 to 60 years. The subjects are a
random sample of men who visited a health center for a routine
checkup. We are willing to consider them an SRS of men from their
region of France. Education Smoking Status Nonsmoker Former
Moderate Heavy Primary school 55 56 42 38 Secondary school 35 42 28
32 University 52 27 38 17
The null hypothesis states that there is no relationship between
these variables. That is, the distribution of smoking is the same
for all three levels of education.
(a) Find the expected counts for each smoking status
among men with a university education. This is one row of the
two-way table of expected counts. Find the row total and verify
that it agrees with the row total for the observed
counts.
Smoking remains more common in much of Europe than in the United States. In the United States, there is a strong relationship between education and smoking: well-educated people are less likely to smo...
Smoking remains more common in much of Europe than in the United States. In the United States, there is a strong relationship between education and smoking: well educated people are less likely to smoke. Does a similar relationship hold in France? Here is a two-way table of the level of education and smoking status (nonsmoker, former smoker, moderate smoker, heavy smoker) of a sample of 462 French men aged 20 to 60 years. The subjects are a random sample of men who visited a health center for a routine checkup. We are willing to consider them an SRS of men from their region of France Smoking Status Nonsmoker Former Moderate Heavy Education Primary school Secondary school University 38 32 17 The null hypothesis states that there is no relationship between these variables. That is, the distribution of smoking is the same for all three levels of education. 56 42 27 42 28 38 35 52 (a) Find the expected counts for each smoking status among men with a university education. This is one row of the two-way table of expected counts. Find the row total and verify that it agrees with the row total for the observed counts Use two decimals for the expected counts and a whole number for the total Smoking Status Former Heavy Education Nonsmoker Moderate TOTAL University 53 Expected
Smoking remains more common in much of Europe than in the United States. In the United States, there is a strong relationship between education and smoking: well educated people are less likely to smoke. Does a similar relationship hold in France? Here is a two-way table of the level of education and smoking status (nonsmoker, former smoker, moderate smoker, heavy smoker) of a sample of 462 French men aged 20 to 60 years. The subjects are a random sample of men who visited a health center for a routine checkup. We are willing to consider them an SRS of men from their region of France Smoking Status Nonsmoker Former Moderate Heavy Education Primary school Secondary school University 38 32 17 The null hypothesis states that there is no relationship between these variables. That is, the distribution of smoking is the same for all three levels of education. 56 42 27 42 28 38 35 52 (a) Find the expected counts for each smoking status among men with a university education. This is one row of the two-way table of expected counts. Find the row total and verify that it agrees with the row total for the observed counts Use two decimals for the expected counts and a whole number for the total Smoking Status Former Heavy Education Nonsmoker Moderate TOTAL University 53 Expected