Question

type the answer

Well the weather finally got nice. You sit outside and feel the warm sun on your face. It makes you sleepy. When you wake up your stomach is grumbling and you feel hungry. You stand up to go get some food and feel dizzy. You grab your water bottle and take a big drink and decide you’d better study indoors, nothing gets done when you go sit in the sun.

C. your stomach has smooth muscle – make a flow chart of the pharmacomechanical stimulation of smooth muscle up through smooth muscle contraction

D. Why do you feel dizzy when you stand? Explain what happens and why it goes away quickly

E. If you are dehydrated, how will your body know? How will it attempt to adjust the blood volume loss?

Answer 1

ANSWER- C- PHARMACOMECHANICAL COUPLING.- Smooth muscle are excited by chemical agents

Mechanism –

1. Chemicals (NT & Hormone) bind to Ligand-gated Ca channels & open it .
2. Influx of Ca⁺² .
3. Chemicals bind to membrane receptors –activate second messengers of G protein- through IP3 causes release of Ca ions.
4. Ca bind with calmodulin
5. Calcium-calmodulin complex is formed .
6. This complex initiate muscle contraction.

ANSWER-D- Due to Orthostatic hypotension - It is a  form of low blood pressure that happens when standing up from sitting or lying down.

Signs and symptoms include-

• Feeling lightheaded or dizziness on standing up immediately , after lying down for a period of time .

ANSWER- E

Symptom-

• Thirst is the most prominent symptom .
• There occurs decreased production of saliva accompanied by impaired swallowing.

Adaptation-

1. Reduced sweating

2. Decresed urine outflow