Show that A1, ..., An |=taut B iff |=taut A1 ->A2 ->...->An -> B.
Proof.
It is an easy semantic exercise to see that the hypothesis yields (indeed we have done so in class) that
|=taut A1 → A2 . . . → An → B
|- A1 → A2 . . . → An → B
hence (by Hypothesis Strengthening)
A1, . . . , An |- A1 → . . . → An → B
Applying modus ponens n times to (1) we get
A1, . . . , An |- B
The above corollary is very convenient. It says that any (correct) schema A1, . . . , An |=taut B leads to a derived rule of inference, A1, . . . , An |- B.
In particular, combining with the “transitivity of `” Metatheorem known from class and text, we get
Show that A1, ..., An |=taut B iff |=taut A1 ->A2 ->...->An -> B. Show that A1, ,An-taut Biff는 B. Show that A1, ,An-taut Biff는 B.
Use mathematical induction to show that P(A1∩A2∩...∩An) = P(A1)P(A2|A1)P(A3|A1∩A2)....P(An|A1∩A2∩...∩ An-1) You can assume that you know P(A|B) = P(A|B)P(B)
(a) Let P(B1∩B2)>0, and A1∪A2⊂B1∩B2. Then show that P(A1|B1).P(A2|B2)=P(A1|B2).P(A2|B1). (b) Let A and B1 be independent; similarly, let A and B2 be independent. Show that in this case, A and B1∪B2 are independent if and only if A and B1∩B2 are independent. (c) Given P(A) = 0.42,P(B) = 0.25, and P(A∩B) = 0.17, find (i)P(A∪B) ; (ii)P(A∩Bc) ; (iii)P(Ac∩Bc) ; (iv)P(Ac|Bc).
The prior probabilities for events A1 and A2 are P(A1) = 0.30 and P(A2) = 0.40. It is also known that P(A1 ∩ A2) = 0. Suppose P(B | A1) = 0.20 and P(B | A2) = 0.05. If needed, round your answers to three decimal digits. (a) Are A1 and A2 mutually exclusive? Explain your answer. The input in the box below will not be graded, but may be reviewed and considered by your instructor. (b) Compute P(A1 ∩...
The prior probabilities for events A1 and A2 are P(A1) = 0.40 and P(A2) = 0.45. It is also known that P(A1 ∩ A2) = 0. Suppose P(B | A1) = 0.20 and P(B | A2) = 0.05. If needed, round your answers to three decimal digits. (a) Are A1 and A2 mutually exclusive? - Select your answer -YesNoItem 1 Explain your answer. The input in the box below will not be graded, but may be reviewed and considered by...
The prior probabilities for events A1 and A2 are P(A1) = 0.45 and P(A2) = 0.50. It is also known that P(A1 ∩ A2) = 0. Suppose P(B | A1) = 0.20 and P(B | A2) = 0.05. If needed, round your answers to three decimal digits. a) Are A1 and A2 mutually exclusive? b) Compute P(A1 ∩ B) and P(A2 ∩ B). c) Compute P(B). d) Apply Bayes’ theorem to compute P(A1 | B) and P(A2 | B).
The prior probabilities for events A1 and A2 are P(A1) = .50 and P(A2) = .50. It is also known that P(A1 A2) = 0. Suppose P(B | A1) = .10 and P(B | A2) = .04. Are events A1 and A2 mutually exclusive? Compute P(A1 B) (to 4 decimals). Compute P(A2 B) (to 4 decimals). Compute P(B) (to 4 decimals). Apply Bayes' theorem to compute P(A1 | B) (to 4 decimals). Also apply Bayes' theorem to compute P(A2 |...
(14) Show that if [(a1,b)- [(a2, b2) and [c,d) (c2, d2)] and bidi(aidi -b)>0 then b2d2(azd2 - b2c2) > 0. (This was the proposition which allows us to know that > on Q is well-defined. )
(14) Show that if [(a1,b)- [(a2, b2) and [c,d) (c2, d2)] and bidi(aidi -b)>0 then b2d2(azd2 - b2c2) > 0. (This was the proposition which allows us to know that > on Q is well-defined. )
5. Prove that if A1, A2, ... An and B are sets, then (A. – B) U (A2 – B) U... U (An – B) = (A, U A, U... U An) – B.
Calculate and draw impulse response for IIR filters: I a) a1 =0,5; b)a1 =0,8; c) a1 =0,8; a2 =-0,6 II a) a1 =0,6; b)a1 =0,9; c) a1 =0,6; a2 =-0,5