Question

Provide code and full projects neatly and in proper form and in the correct header and cpp files((we have to make 3 files header file , one .cpp file for function and one more main cpp file)

Template Classes – Chapter 12

1. Write an example of a template function that can swap 2 generic elements.
2. Create a C++ class vector using the class diagram shown in Figure 12.2. in Liangs textbook. Do not use the C++ provided header file <vector>
3. Write a test that unit tests the public interface of this class.
   Figure 12.2 lists several frequently used functions in the vector class in a UML class diagram vectorcelementType> +vector<elementType> O Constructs an empty vector with the specified element type +vector<elementType> (size: int) Constructs a vector with the initial size, filled with default values. +vector<elementType> (size: int, Constructs a vector with the initial size, filled with specified values. defaultValue: elementType) +push_back (element: elementType): voidAppends the element in this vector +pop_back ): void Removes the last element from this vector +size): unsigned const Returns the number of the elements in this vector +at(index: int): elementType const Returns the element at the specified index in this vector +emptyO): bool const Returns true if this vector is empty +clearO: void Removes all elements from this vector +swap (v2: vector): void Swaps the contents of this vector with the specified vector Figure 12.2 The vector class functions as a resizable array You can also create a vector with the initial size, filled with default values. For example, the following code creates a vector of initial size 10 with default values 0 vector<int> intVector (10); A vector can be accessed using the array subscript operator For example cout << intVector [0] displays the first element in the vector
   

Answer 1

1. Template function for swapping two numbers.

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
template <class T>
void Swap(T &x, T &y)// function to swap generic elements
{
T temp = x;
x = y;
y = temp;
}

int main()
{
int x,y;
float a,b;
// check for int values
cout << "Enter two int numbers :"; // enter two int elements
cin>>x>>y;
cout << "\nBefore:\n"; // print before values
cout << "\nx value is :"<<x;
cout << "\ny value is :"<<y;
Swap(x, y); // call swap function and print after values
cout << "\nAfter:\n";
cout << "\nx value is :"<<x;
cout << "\ny value is :"<<y;

// check for float values and repeat the same
cout<<"Enter two float numbers"
cin>>a>>b;
cout << "\nBefore:\n";
cout << "\na value is :"<<a;
cout << "\nb value is :"<<b;
Swap(a, b);
cout << "\nAfter:\n";
cout << "\na value is :"<<a;
cout << "\nb value is :"<<b;
return 0;
}

2. Header file for the vector class:

vector.h

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

template <class T>
class vector
{
   public:
       T* values;
       int pos = 0,siz = 0;
       vector()
       {
       values = new T[10];
       siz=10;
       }
       vector(int size)
       {
       int i;
           values = new T[size];
           for(i=0;i<size;i++)
               values[i] = 0;
           siz=size;
       }
       vector(int size, T x)
       {
       int i;
           values = new T[size];
           for(i=0;i<size;i++)
               values[i] = x;
           siz = size;  
       }
       void push_back(T x)
       {
       values[pos++] = x;
       }
       void pop_back()
       {
       values[--pos] = 0;
       siz = pos;
       }
       const unsigned int size()
       {
       return pos;
       }
       const T at(int index)
       {
       if(index<0 || index>pos)
           {
               cout<<"\nProvide correct position";
       return 0;
           }
       else
           return(values[index]);
       }
       bool const empty()
       {
       if(pos==0)
       return 1;
       return 0;
       }
       void clear()
       {
       int i;
       for(i=0;i<pos;i++)
       values[i] = 0;
       pos = 0;
       siz = pos;
       }
       void swap(vector v)
       {
       int i;
       for(i=0;i<pos;i++)
       this->values[i] = v.values[i];
       }
       void printValues()
       {
           cout<<"\n";
           int i;
           for(i=0;i<siz;i++)
               cout<<"\n"<<this->values[i];
       }
};

main:

#include"vector.h"
int main()
{
   //create an int vector of size 10
vector<int> intvector1(10);
// then print the values in the vector
intvector1.printValues();
  
//create a vector using simple constructor
vector<double> vector1();
  
//create a vector using the size and element value parameterized constructor
vector<char> vector2(5,'c');
//display the values
vector2.printValues();
  
//push the elements into intvector
intvector1.push_back(1);
intvector1.push_back(2);
intvector1.push_back(3);
intvector1.push_back(4);
intvector1.push_back(5);
  
//display the values
intvector1.printValues();
  
//pop one element
intvector1.pop_back();
//print
intvector1.printValues();
  
//print the value at position 5
cout<<"\n Value at position 5 is: "<<intvector1.at(5);
  
//print the size of the vector
cout<<"\n Size of the vector is: "<<intvector1.size();
  
//create another int vector for swapping
vector<int> intvector2(10);
intvector2.push_back(10);
intvector2.push_back(20);
intvector2.push_back(30);
intvector2.push_back(40);
intvector2.push_back(50);
//use the swap function to swap the values
   intvector1.swap(intvector2);
   //print the new values
   intvector1.printValues();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

c
c
c
c
c

1
2
3
4
5

1
2
3
4

Provide correct position
Value at position 5 is: 0
Size of the vector is: 4

10
20
30
40