Question

Circumcision and HIV infection Percent of men circumcised Percent of people with HIV 2003 data) 100 ON TN 40% 0% 0 38 No data No data QUESTION: What conclusion may be drawn from the research results presented in the image above? The correct answer requires 2-3 (AT MOST) sentences.

Answer 1

Answer:

It is evident from the given figure, that prevalence of HIV infection reduces with increased frequency of circumcised men in that country. Countries that have higher number of circumcised men have significantly lower prevalence of HIV infection, while countries with a larger percentage of uncircumcised men have a higher prevalence of HIV infection. Thus, it can be said on the basis of this research that circumcision in men reduces the chance of HIV infection and that uncircumcised men are at a significantly higher risk for HIV infection.

Detailed explanation:

For example in the first map, the countries of Mali and Niger in North western Africa, as well as Somalia in eastern Africa is very darkly shaded. This indicates, that there is a very high percentage of men(almost 100%) who are circumcised in these countries.

In the second map, these countries are lightly shaded. This shows a lowered frequency of HIV infection in these countries, affecting only 0 - 2 % of the population.

In contrast, most of the Southern African countries including South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe and Zambia have very low percentage of circumcised men in the population according to the first map (less than 40% of the population).

In the second map, they are one of the most darkly shaded countries, with HIV infection affecting almost 40% of the population.

. Thus, from these contrasting examples, it is clear that HIV infection dramatically reduces with increased circumcision in men. Hence we can draw the conclusion that, circumcised men are at a lower risk for HIV infection and uncircumcised men are at a significantly higher risk for HIV infection.