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A student wants to synthesize propionitrile from e

A student wants to synthesize propionitrile from ethanol.

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Concepts and reason

A reaction sequence conversion of ethanol to propionitrile is given and the correct reagents need to be chosen from the given set of options. The reaction involves chain elongation from two to three carbons. Apply the reagents that help in chain elongation via substitution process.

Fundamentals

The given reaction involves a conversion from ethanol to propionitrile. Such reactions are step up reactions since one carbon needs to be added in the alcohol molecule. One of the approaches include converting the alcohol molecule to a haloalkane and then substituting the haloalkane to get the cyanide molecule. A general reaction conversion is as follows:

R-OH-SOCI,
vidike R-CI— NuCN R-CN
pyridine

One of the reagent that help to achieve the conversion process are as follows:

CH,CH,OH-
= +CH,CH,Cl NaCN CH,CH,CN

Other reagent that help to achieve the conversion process are as follows:

CH,CH,OH-
+CH,CH,Cl NaCN +CH,CH,CN

Other reagent that help to achieve the conversion process are as follows:

CH,CH,OHIB CH,CH,CiNaCN >CH,CH,CN

Ans:

1. Hot
2. NaCN
1. SOCl, Pyridine
2. NaCN
1. PBr3, Pyridine
2. NaCN
NaCN
1. HBr
2. NaCN

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