Question

Please help

Explain in detail the pathophysiology of the following gastro intestinal Diseases.

- Anorexia, Vomiting and bulimia

- Crohn Disease

Can you just explain by word without draw the picture

Answer 1

* Pathphysiology of anorexia.

                    * Due to biological(genetic changes in some people make them perfectionist,sensitive

                       towards activities and food),psychological(obsessive compulsive disorder) factors

                       and environmental (peer pressure) factors lead to do overexercises and reduce intake

                       of food.

                    * Result in abnormal loss of body weight,weakness and behavioural symptoms like denial

                      of hunger,self induced vomitting,social withdrawl and lack of emotion etc.

* Pathophysiology of vomiting.

                    * Chemoreceptor trigger zone present in the floor of the fourth ventricle is known as

                       a center for vomitting or area postrema.

                    * It present outside the blood brain barrier and stimulation of this area by any chemicals

                      or drugs leads to vomitting.

                    * The receptors (opioid receptors,dopamine receptors,acetylcholine receptors and substance p)

                        present that area stimulated by inputs from the gastrointestinal system like irritation in gastro

                        intestinal mucosa,inflammations,distension etc leads to induce vomitting response.

   * Pathophysiology of bulimia.

                     * In the central nerve system seratonin concentrated in the hypothalamus have a major role in

                        regulation of mood and how full a person feel after a meal.

                     * Impairment occur in the CNS seratonin function or decreased seratonin production due to lack

                        of dietary availability of tryptophan which is a essential aminoacid and precursor to seratonin

                       synthesis in the CNS.

                     * Low seratonin level in CNS leads the person to increase intake of food followed by methods to

                        avoid weight gain.

   * Pathophysiology of crohn disease

                      * Genetic mutations and impairement in action of immune T cells like T helper 17 cell leads to

                         infammations caused by microorganisms present in the gastrointestinal system..

                      * Fistulas,fissures and abscesses form as the inflammation extend into the peritoneum.

                      * In progressive stages of inflammation intestinal mucosa show a cobblestone like appearance.

                      * As the disease advance bowel wall become thicken,fibrotic and the intestinal lumen narrowing

                       will occur.