This assignment is about fact-checking cited resources. It is not about the effectiveness of cranberry juice on UTIs. You are asked to go to one of the sources cited and see if the statement in the article MATCHES the information provided by the cited reference. The article states, "Because E coli represents the majority of urinary isolates among nursing home residents, cranberry products remain an appealing UTI prevention strategy, but evidence is conflicting.9 (Links to an external site.) Links to an external site. ,10 (Links to an external site.) Links to an external site. " Footnotes 9 and 10 give you the sources for this statement: 9. Jepson RG, Williams G, Craig JC. Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;10:CD001321. PubMed (Links to an external site.) Links to an external site. 10. Wang CH, Fang CC, Chen NC, et al. Cranberry-containing products for prevention of urinary tract infections in susceptible populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172(13):988-996. PubMed (Links to an external site.) Links to an external site. Article (Links to an external site.) Links to an external site. Go to one of these original sources cited in the footnotes, and determine if the statement in the article is accurately supported by the original research or not. Share this determination, in your own words, and be specific why you came to this conclusion. This assignment is about fact-checking cited resources. It is not about the effectiveness of cranberry juice on UTIs.
"Because E coli represents the majority of urinary isolates among nursing home residents, cranberry products remain an appealing UTI prevention strategy, but the evidence is conflicting.
The above statement is supported by the meta-analysis of Jepson RG, Williams G, Craig JC. “Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections Jepson RG, Williams G, Craig JC. “Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections”.
The information collected was on methods, participants, interventions and outcomes – the incidence of symptomatic UTIs, positive culture results, side effects, adherence to therapy. A narrative synthesis was undertaken or the risk ratios (RR) were calculated where appropriate. Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to assess the quality.
Meta-analysis is a study design used to systematically assess the results of previous research to derive conclusions about the body of research. Usually, the study is based on randomized, controlled clinical trials. Meta-analysis is a statistical procedure which combines the data from multiple studies. Meta-analysis can be used to identify a common effect when the treatment effect or effect size is consistent from one study to the next. The goal of meta-analysis or an integrative literature review is to summarize the accumulated knowledge representing a field of interest and to highlight the main issues that researchers have left unresolved.
In the meta-analysis; Jepson RG, Williams G, Craig JC. “Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections” includes a total of 24 studies (cross‐over studies -6, parallel group studies-11 with two arms; five with three arms, and two studies with a factorial design) and included with a total of 4473 participants.
There was an update for the study periodically. In the studies, the comparison/control arms were placebo, no treatment, water, methenamine hippurate, antibiotics, or lactobacillus. The studies with cross‐over design or without relevant data are excluded.
The data included in the meta‐analyses showed that cranberry products have no significant role in reducing the occurrence of symptomatic UTI overall (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.04) or for any the subgroups: women with recurrent UTIs (RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.42 to 1.31); older people (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.39 to 1.44); pregnant women (RR 1.04, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.17); children with recurrent UTI (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.19 to 1.22); cancer patients (RR 1.15 95% CI 0.75 to 1.77); or people with neuropathic bladder or spinal injury (RR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.75 to 1.20) in comparison with placebo, water or no treatment. There was moderate (I² = 55%) heterogeneity.
There was no significant difference in the effectiveness of cranberry to antibiotics for women (RR 1.31, 95% CI 0.85, 2.02) and children (RR 0.69 95% CI 0.32 to 1.51) and between gastrointestinal adverse effects from cranberry product compared to those of placebo/no treatment (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.31 to 2.27).
Low compliance and high withdrawal/dropout problems were reported by many studies and related to the palatability/acceptability of the products, primarily the cranberry juice. Other cranberry products (tablets and capsules)may not have enough potency to be effective as there is no report how much of the 'active' ingredient the product contained. The update of meta-analysis concludes that cranberry juice is less effective than previously indicated. There were no statistically significant differences in effeciveness on women with recurrent UTIs.
As the meta-analysis is a statistical procedure which combines the data from multiple studies, the results are relevant.
This assignment is about fact-checking cited resources. It is not about the effectiveness of cranberry juice on UTIs. Yo...
This assignment is about fact-checking cited resources. It is not about the effectiveness of cranberry juice on UTIs. You are asked to go to one of the sources cited and see if the statement in the article MATCHES the information provided by the cited reference. The article states, "Because E coli represents the majority of urinary isolates among nursing home residents, cranberry products remain an appealing UTI prevention strategy, but evidence is conflicting.9,10 " Footnotes 9 and 10 give you...