Question

Which of the following is most likely to precipitate an asthmatic attack in a child with a diagnosis of extrinsic, or atopic, asthma?

A) Pet dander

B) Cold weather

C) Stress

D) Respiratory tract infections

Which of the following manifestations typically accompanies an asthmatic attack?

A) Decreased residual volume

B) Decreased pulmonary arterial pressure

C) Prolonged inspiration

D) Hyperinflation of the lungs

Which of the following medications helps treat the inflammatory reaction of asthma clients diagnosed with late-phase asthma response?

A) Anticholinergic agents

B) Systemic corticosteroids

C) Long-acting â₂-agonists

D) Phosphodiesterase inhibitors

While lecturing on COPD, the instructor mentions emphysema. The instructor asks the students, “If the client is a smoker, explain the physiology behind cellular changes occurring in the lung which allow destruction of the alveoli.” Which students have an accurate response? Select all that apply.

A) “Antiprotease production and release is not adequate to neutralize the excess protease production.”

B) “The capillary beds can no longer bring the cells to the lung to fight off the infection since they are blocked by fatty plaque.”

C) “There is á₁-antitrypsin deficiency, so this enzyme can't protect the lung from damage.”

D) “The alveolar tissue is being digested by enzymes; therefore, they can't grow back to restore normal ventilation.”

A 51-year-old man has been diagnosed with chronic bronchitis after a long history of recurrent coughing. Which of the man's following statements demonstrates a sound understanding of his new diagnosis?

A) “If I had quit smoking earlier than I did, I think I could have avoided getting bronchitis.”

B) “I'm pretty sure that I first caught bronchitis from the person who has the cubicle next to mine at work.”

C) “I read on the Internet that I might have got bronchitis because I was born with an enzyme deficiency.”

D) “I think that I probably could have prevented this if I had got in the habit of exercising more when I was younger.”

When evaluating the pulmonary function test results for a COPD client, which one correlates to the mismatch of ventilation and perfusion associated with this diagnosis?

A) Forced vital capacity (FVC) is elevated.

B) Forced expiratory volume (FEV) is decreased.

C) Total lung capacity (TLC) is decreased.

D) Marked decrease in residual volume (RV).

Which of the following individuals is experiencing an immunologic lung disorder affecting ventilation that has caused the formation of a granuloma on chest x-ray?

A) A 30-year-old African American man who has been diagnosed with sarcoidosis

B) An infant whose routine screening is suggestive of cystic fibrosis

C) An elderly, lifelong smoker who has been admitted to hospital with emphysema exacerbation

D) A 16-year-old girl who must limit her physical activity to prevent the onset of acute asthmatic attacks

Answer 1

Ans:- 1) A,

Pet dander ,

Pet dander is most likely to precipitate an asthmatic attack in a child with a diagnosis of extrinsic ,or atopic, asthma .

2) D

Hyperinflation of lungs

Hyperinflation of lungs is typically accompanies an asthmatic attack.

3) C,

Systemic corticosteroids,

Systemic corticosteroids, treat the inflammatory reaction of asthma clients diagnosed with late-phase asthma response.

4) A and C,

Antiprotease production and release is not adequate to neutralize the excess protease production.

There is á1-antitrypsin deficiency, so this enzyme can't protect the lung from damage.